AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM sympathetic AM parasympathetic adrenergic fibers

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM sympathetic + AM parasympathetic (adrenergic fibers) (cholinergic fibers) norepinephrine + epinephrine acetylcholine α-receptors β-receptors nicotinic r. muscarinic r. (metabotropic) (ionotropic) (metabotropic) muscle type neuronal type M 1 – M 5 α 1 α 2 β 1 β 2 NE – excites mostly α, less β epinephrine – excites both subtypes β 3 ACh – excites both subtypes nicotine – nicotinic r. ; muscarine – muscarinic r.

α 1 α 2 β 1 β 2 β 3 NE – excites mostly α, less β epinephrine – excites both subtypes AGONISTS: phenylephrine – α 1 clonidine – α 2 AGONISTS: isoproterenol – β 1 + β 2 dobutamine – β 1 albuterol (salbutamol) – β 2 RELEASE FROM NERVE ENDINGS: ephedrine, tyramine, amphetamine muscle type neuronal type M 1 – M 5 ACh – excites both subtypes nicotine – nicotinic r; muscarine – muscarinic r. AGONISTS: methacholine, carbachol, nicotine AGONISTS: pilocarpine, methacholine ANTICHOLINESTERASE DRUGS: neostigmine, physostigmine, ambenonium diisopropyl fluorophosphate – ireversibile ANTAGONISTS: propranolol – β 1 + β 2 curariform drugs phentolamine, phenoxybenzamine – α 1 + α 2 metoprolol, atenolol – β 1 prazosin – α 1 yohimbine, rauwolscine – α 2 ANTAGONISTS (ANTIMUSCARINIC D. ): atropine, homatropine, scopolamine BLOCKING SYNTHESIS AND STORAGE OF NE: reserpine BLOCKING RELEASE OF NE: guanethidine BLOCKING TRANSMISSION THROUGH GANGLIA: hexamethonium, tetraethylammonium, pentolinium