Automated cmapmindmap generation based on semantic wiki content
Automated cmap/mindmap generation based on semantic wiki content to support military commanders and staff Bob Barbier, Nanne Le Grand, Dianne van Hemert, Peter-Paul van Maanen, Peter Petiet, Tony van Vliet, Inge Wetzer IHMC technical talk, July 7 th 2011
Motivation • Problem statement: – Military missions not solely restricted to kinetic activities • Inhibiting opium production • Stimulating girl school attendance • Preventing police corruption 15 th ICCRTS 2010
Motivation • Problem statement (continued): – Other perspectives play a role, such as: • • Social-cultural Social-economic Governmental and political … – Military personnel often unaware of perspectives → • during information acquisition • during military decision making and action • during evaluation → decrease probability of mission success (less agile) • Proposed solution: – Improve agility by integration of perspectives in missions through use of dedicated software tool: • Awareness Development Across Perspectives Tool (ADAPT) – Supporting task force commanders and staff in multidisciplinary thinking IHMC technical talk, July 7 th 2011
Method and results Development of ADAPT required the following methodological steps: A) Identification and selection of relevant perspectives B) Knowledge-acquisition of perspectives C) Implementation of perspectives into software tool (ADAPT) D) Evaluation IHMC technical talk, July 7 th 2011
A) Perspective identification and selection • Workshop 1: Generating perspectives – Brainstorm on actors and stakeholders in operational area and aspects in peacekeeping missions; clustering them into perspectives • Workshop 2: Evaluating perspectives – Evaluation perspectives in first workshop and filling in variables using scenario • Workshop 3: Condensing perspectives – Fresh look at perspectives and condense IHMC technical talk, July 7 th 2011
Workshop 1: Generating perspectives • Results IHMC technical talk, July 7 th 2011
Workshop 2: Evaluating perspectives • Results Workshop 3: Condensing perspectives • Results These final perspectives resulted in the following project teams for phase B: • 5 teams of 2 -3 subject matter experts for knowledge acquisition • 1 team of 4 information scientists for integrating the knowledge for ADAPT IHMC technical talk, July 7 th 2011
B) Perspective-based knowledge acquisition • Each perspective team acquired knowledge by: – Usage of concept mapping tools (c. Map. Tools, IHMC) – Writing webpages using templates for indicators, concepts, behaviors, effects for each perspective Concept maps Webpages 15 th ICCRTS 2010
B) Perspective-based knowledge acquisition Results: Per perspective team (5): • Multiple webpages describing indicators, concepts, and behaviors • Concept map as a blue print for the relations between the above webpages IHMC technical talk, July 7 th 2011
C) Implementation and representation IHMC technical talk, July 7 th 2011
C) Implementation and representation • Conventional (syntactic) WIKIs: – web interface with database – content is collaboratively added, updated, and organized by its users – ADAPT: content initially added by expert groups • Semantic WIKIs: – Also stores semantic information of content – Using specific data structure – Complex queries and visualisations are possible – ADAPT: Semantic information about perspectives, behaviors, typed links are stored IHMC technical talk, July 7 th 2011
Semantic WIKI IHMC technical talk, July 7 th 2011
COOL • COncept to. OL (COOL) – Has the following roles: • • Interface Portal Filter Automation Overview generator Problem-based searcher Addition – Has the following items: • • • Concept Labels Map depth Show behaviors only Use cached maps Show perspectives Bring to center Hourglass Zoom Find Results IHMC technical talk, July 7 th 2011
COOL IHMC technical talk, July 7 th 2011
COOL IHMC technical talk, July 7 th 2011
COOL IHMC technical talk, July 7 th 2011
D) Evaluation
Evaluation method • 20 participants (1 Col, 12 LCols, 3 Majs, 2 Caps, 2 Lnts) • 4 days @ Military Education & Training Center in Amersfoort, NL • 2 syndicates (groups) of 10 participants • 18 laptops with ADAPT and hooked to internet + beamers, flipovers, etc. IHMC technical talk, July 7 th 2011
Evaluation method • 4 different vignettes (task descriptions) with the task to write Concept of Operations (CONOPS) – 1 CONOPS with & without ADAPT – 3 CONOPS with ADAPT IHMC technical talk, July 7 th 2011
Evaluation method • Data analysis: – Usefulness of ADAPT over time – Activity within and outside ADAPT – Differences in usage within ADAPT – Feedback on ADAPT • Data: – Questionnaires – Logs – Observations (notes/film) – Discussions/feedback (FIR) IHMC technical talk, July 7 th 2011
Results: questionnaires 1 = gave me alternative information, 2 = better overview, 3 = clearer relations, 4 = too many relations, 5 = unexpected relations 6 5 4 Day 1 Vignette 2 Vignette 4 Day 2 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 (Wilcoxon sign. )
Results: Logs Activity within ADAPT * * 15 th ICCRTS 2010
Results: Logs Overall Activity * * 15 th ICCRTS 2010
Results: Logs Activity outside ADAPT * * 15 th ICCRTS 2010
Results: Logs Activity within ADAPT per subtool * * 15 th ICCRTS 2010
Results: Observations/feedback • Integration ADAPT – NLD/NATO doctrinal publication • Review/validation of content • Standardization of terminology (shared understanding) • More content (breath and depth) • Additional ADAPT functionalities (advanced search, dictionary, mapping tool) • How to deal with classification of information? • Accessibility and maintenance IHMC technical talk, July 7 th 2011
Conclusions and discussion • Methodology for developing a software tool (ADAPT) for assisting TFC and staff in nonkinetic aspects of modern missions (affecting behaviors) • Provides dedicated information seen from different perspectives of the situation at hand, indicated by the user • The agility of the TFC is expected to increase due to increase of readiness for risks that are related to a lack of awareness of non-kinetic processes IHMC technical talk, July 7 th 2011
Future research • Current implementation of adapt serves as a proof of concept – Content of ADAPT will be extended in close cooperation with military officers • Future versions of ADAPT may also provide value insights for civil organizations (such as NGOs) IHMC technical talk, July 7 th 2011
Questions? Cultural- Religious ADAPT Social – Economic Contact: peter-paul. vanmaanen@tno. nl Political – Governmental Communication & Information Martial IHMC technical talk, July 7 th 2011
Demonstration http: //adapt. openorbit. nl/cool/ http: //adapt. openorbit. nl/wiki/Intimidation Q: Do you think this will work? Any advice? IHMC technical talk, July 7 th 2011
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