Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities Authorization for

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities Authorization for the Construction of the Facility

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities Objective • To achieve an understanding of the authorization process and the procedures for its implementation in the licensing of construction of cyclotron facilities.

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities Contents • The main and specific elements to be included in an application for Authorization • Assessment of an application based on criteria established by the legislation, by regulation or the Regulatory Body. • Establishment and use by the regulator of suitable procedures for the consistent assessment of applications. • Criteria for granting, renewing, amending and revoking a license.

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities • Check if all required information is provided. If any necessary information is not found, the applicant must complete the application. • Technical aspects such as ventilation, location and functionality of safety systems are evaluated with basis in the regulations, regulatory guidelines and standards.

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities • The Authorization for Construction only authorizes the construction of the facility. • It is limited to the engineering aspects of radiation protection and does not include operating procedures and emergency. • The radiation production should be strictly forbidden (usually by a condition in the license).

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities • In the case of the construction of a large cyclotron facility (eg proton cyclotron> 50 Me. V), the impact of installation in the environment must be assessed in detail. In particular, the decommissioning costs must be established. • The Regulatory Body may request the licensee to ensure financial guarantees for the costs of the decommissioning.

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities • In the case of the upgrade of the existing facility, e. g. when the facility is already built and only cyclotron is being replaced (and the new machine has technical characteristics similar to the old one), going through the construction license phase is not necessary. The Regulatory Body may choose to issue the operating license. • In the case when another beam line is being built, the construction license is issued for that part of the facility only.

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities The original application refers to a specific condition of authorization. Any changes in the original application must be notified and approved by the Regulatory Body. • At the end of construction, the licensee requests authorization for operation of the facility. • • If necessary, the construction license may be renewed before its expiration date.

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities Technical assessment Application received Superior officer approves the license Yes Complete No Request more information Assessment process No

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities Specific elements of an application: q The applicant shall provide the following information: Drawings, indicating scales and dimensions, with the construction and technical details that will allow the analysis of the shielding and safety systems.

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities Area plan: The location of the facility with respect to nearby occupied or potentially occupied areas Plans of the facility: • The distribution and function of the facility premises and adjacent premises. • The location of the cyclotron, hot cell and transfer lines.

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities Plans of the facility (cont. ): • The communication lines between premises. • Description of people and material flows. • Areas classification. • Description of the pressure levels of the areas.

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities Construction plans with axial and transverse views. • Indication of materials, thicknesses, ducts (electrical, ventilation, including the chimney, cooling, and other gases) and filter banks.

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities • Safety systems shall be designed so that, in case of failure, safety is maintained, considering the criteria of redundancy, independence and diversity. • It is expected that the components that make these systems have adequate reliability to the task to be developed in order to minimize the risk of failure.

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities Ø Door opening; Ø Last person buttons; Ø Transfer of irradiation product; Ø High dose rates inside the bunker and in the areas; Ø Self-shielding opening; Ø Discharges above the pre-established limit.

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities Manual Systems Emergency stop buttons; Internal opening system of the door. Audible and visual alarms • Audible and visual alarms are used to identify the stages of operation of the cyclotron and associated systems and prevent inadvertent access to some premises.

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities Audible and visual alarms Access to the bunker Opening of the hot cells Preparation, beginning and progress of irradiation Discharges to the environment Exceed preestablished dose levels Failures in the ventilation system Transfer of produced materials.

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities Projection of discharges • The radiological impact of the operation of the facility shall be evaluated, considering the maximum expected production values (workload) to demonstrate that the doses do not exceed the authorized limits. • This assessment considers all types of effluents, liquid and gaseous.

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities Ventilation System • Must meet the basic design criteria and construction applicable to any facility that handles open radioactive sources, in order to protect workers and the public. • The air moving in the direction of decreasing probability of contamination due to the overpressure (and that eventually could transport radioactive material) must be directed to the bank of filters of the air extraction system.

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities Ventilation System • General recommendations on radiation safety procedures associated with the ventilation system: Establish criteria for replacement of the filters Establish procedures for hot cell assays

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities Shielding • A document containing detailed shielding calculations must be presented, including formulas, models, computer codes used annual workload, taking into account production, maintenance and tests. For each area of the facility, the annual doses received by the public and workers shall be evaluated.

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities Shielding • Shielding calculation shall include the hot cells and transfer lines, taking into account the activities of materials to be handled and the workload.

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities Shielding • The calculations must include at least the following information: Ø The maximum activity produced daily at the facility; the neutrons and gamma rays dose at 1 m from the cyclotron, based on the maximum number of operation hours (source term).

Authorization and Inspection of Cyclotron Facilities Shielding Ø Distance from the source to the calculation points. Ø Types of materials used in the barriers and their densities (HVL / TVL); Ø Occupancy factors; Ø Description of the use of the areas; Ø Dose rates produced at all points; Ø Bibliography.