Author Pamela H Beck Date submitted to deafed

Author: Pamela H. Beck ●Date submitted to deafed. net-3/28/06 ●To contact the author for permission to use this Power. Point, please e-mail: cuedspdisc@aol. com ●To use this Power. Point presentation in its entirety, please give credit to the author. 1

Cued Speech: Yesterday & Today Creation & Worldwide Adaptation Pamela H. Beck 2

The Inventor R. Orin Cornett, Ph. D. , 1923 - 2002 Auditory Perception (diplacusis meter) Individuals often hear a single tone differently in each ear; Dr. Cornett invented a meter to measure the difference in pitch as perceived by the two ears Physics, Communication theory (codes), Education Administration 3

The shock! • U. S. Office of Education • Annual review of Gallaudet College for deaf students • Average deaf high school graduate read at the level of an 8 year old child • This is still true in the United States 4

The Goal • To find a reasonable, easy way to acquire a knowledge of spoken language as a base for reading. • Typical children know the spoken language well before they begin to read. • Everything, including reading, is taught via spoken language. 5

The Goal continued… • To find a system which enables the learning of phonemic language… • In a manner clear to the senses • Through conversational interaction between parents and child • Efficiently 6

The System • “In a manner clear to the senses” • Accurate • Visually clear • Important to hard-of-hearing as well as deaf individuals • Phonemic synchronization • Matching information from the articulators with the hand the voice 7

Sensory-integrated • Receptive: • Links audition - vision - kinesthetic • Listening - lip-reading - speech modeling • phonemic awareness • Expressive: • Links motor - kinesthetic - listening • Like playing a musical instrument • Phonemic manipulation 8

First Family: the Henegars 1966 Leah was 24 months old § Language growth after introducing language through Cued Speech § First 6 months: from 0 - 143 words § At 12 months: 307 additional words § = 450 words in the first year 9

Learning Language at Home • Children learn from their parents § Interacting § Observing 10

40 years later… • Leah has a career in office management • A mother of 3 children 11

The Expansion • 1967: Introduced to 98 educators • 2 from each state of the USA • 33 introduced it to their schools 12

Expansion continues *1968 -69 • One traveling instructor 1969 -70 • Two traveling instructors • Guidebook for parents • Manual for teachers 13

60+ Adaptations to other Languages 1970 • Spanish • Croatian-Serbian • Hindi • Swedish (revised 1993, 1995) • Telegu 14

Some other adaptations • • • French 1971 Danish 1976 Dutch 1979 Hebrew 1976 (rev. 1984) Mandarin 1975 (rev. 1985) 15

Finnish and Finnish-Swedish 1992 • June Dixon-Millar, Snellman, Cornett • Guidelines for adapting Cued Speech to additional languages – Cued Speech Journal vol. 5. pages 19 - 29 16

Deaf children bilingual in two or more spoken languages English/Arabic; /Mandarin; /Hindi / Hebrew; /German, etc. 17

Deaf Children Excelling — New Frontiers • Inclusion in regular schools • Inclusion in regular classrooms 18

Expanding visions • Regular teachers using Cued Speech in direct instruction (e. g. , Leah Henegar) • Interpreting: parents pushed to introduce this • Transliteration/Transphonation – (French: “codeur”) 19

Expanding applications 1970 -80’s + • Speech articulation • Speech fluency (stuttering) • Mental retardation • Learning disabilities • Deaf-blind 20

Areas of Research • • • Auditory Discrimination Visual speech reception Receptive/expressive language Reading Bilingualism Cochlear implantation use 21

Cueing & Signing: Together Cornett: 1975 The Balancing Act • Circus performers on two horses • Function in deaf community and hearing community • Communication skills + social / cultural orientation needed for acceptance • What is the priority? 22

Bilingualism Position Statement NCSA 1990 #1 • The language of the home = the language of the parents. • Fluent models of vocabulary and syntax • Hearing parents: spoken language • Deaf parents: visible language 23

Bilingualism #2 … • Substantial command of the phonological system of the language is needed before entering elementary school, as a base for reading & writing • Emphasize the [Finnish] language through Cued Speech in pre-school years 24

Bilingualism #3 If speech is a goal… training in audition and speech production is required. 25

Bilingualism #4 and #5 • Each language should be learned from persons who are good models of that language. • Encourage continuing dialogue about bilingualism. 26

Cued Speech provides • • • Cued phonemes Cued listening Cued language Cued lip-reading Cued speech 27

cued language…cued Finnish • Cued Speech = the system • cued language = the visible product • cued Finnish = the specific language 28

Many cuers who are deaf say: • Embrace diversity in communication – Communication can include or exclude people – Each mode of communication has its benefits – Knowing more than one mode is advantageous, like being multi-lingual 29

Hilary Franklin • Deaf people need to take advantage of ALL resources • An increasing number of deaf people are embracing diversity – Deaf parents of deaf children are having their children learn English through cueing at school – Bilingual (ASL and English): sign, cue, speak — and be literate! 30

2 nd generation deaf cuers • The young deaf cuers of the 1970’s and 1980’s are now having children, some of whom are deaf • Cueing with their children from birth – Some are multilingual: spoken languages plus signed language 31

2 nd generation deaf cuers • Their grandparents are providing them with full access to spoken language, just like they did with their parents! 32

Centers in Europe • France (Paris): ALPC • Belgium • Switzerland • Netherlands • UK (Dartmouth, Devon): Cued Speech Association, UK 33

Europe continued… • Spain – Madrid: Colegio Tres Olivos • La Asociacion Entender y Hablar – Malaga: Modelo Oral Complementado (MOC) – Girona: Crenag Narcis Maso • Ce La Macana 34

Use in other countries • • • Poland Malaysia India Canada Portugal South Africa • Etc. 35

United States • National Cued Speech Association (1982) www. cuedspeech. org – State and local associations – Centers for instruction and advocacy: California, Illinois, New York, Maine • Cued Language Network of America – www. cuedlanguage. org (2002) 36

Activities • Camps: – Instruction – Implementation – Support – Networking – Fun 37

Instructor Certification • For those teaching Cued Speech to others • Future: For educators using Cued Speech in classroom and clinical settings 38

Transliterator Certification • Two options currently: national and state level • Educational Interpreter Proficiency Assessment (EIPA) for Cued Speech is being created with careful scientific validity 39

Advocacy • Federal laws and regulations • Collaborate with other organizations related to deafness • Seek federal funds 40

40 th Anniversary Conference • July 20 - 23, 2006 • Preceded by Cue. Sign Camp in same location www. cuesigncamp. com • Baltimore, Maryland area • Conference, gala dinner, • children’s program 41

Happy Cueing! 42