AUGUSTA UNIVERSITY SAMPLE LESSON Integrating Quotations into Your

AUGUSTA UNIVERSITY SAMPLE LESSON Integrating Quotations into Your Writing

DR. REBEKAH FITZSIMMONS GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY REBEKAH. FITZSIMMONS@LMC. GATECH. EDU @DRFITZPHD For a copy of the slides from today, see: https: //rebekahfitzsimmons. com/current-research/

WHERE ARE YOU IN THE WRITING PROCESS? Library Research Paper Due? Done?

INCORPORATING SOURCES INTO YOUR WRITING

THE QUOTATION SANDWICH

EXTENDED METAPHOR

TOPIC SENTENCE: “THE BREAD” A sentence that introduces the main topic or point that your quote is going to support.

TOPIC SENTENCE: “THE BREAD” Example: “Children in the 21 st century are managed in a way that children in earlier centuries were not. ”

OPTIONAL LINKING SENTENCE: “THE CONDIMENT” A smooth and flavorful sentence may be used to connect your main point to the quotation. Example: “Historians like Paula Fass can point to specific changes in cultural and educational standards that indicate young people are given far less autonomy today than 100 or even 50 years ago. ”

INTRODUCTION OF THE QUOTATION: “THE LETTUCE AND TOMATO” Use a signal phrase (lettuce) to introduce the “speaker” or author of the quote you are using. Use an appositive (tomato) to introduce the “speaker’s” credentials or qualifications Example: “Fass, a professor at the University of Berkley who specializes in the history of childhood, claims the managed child is a modern invention. ”

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE SOURCE: PICKLES, ONIONS, PEPPERS, ETC. If it is relevant, you may want to additional information about the quoted expert or source here Example: Fass’s most recent book, The End of American Childhood is an in-depth look at the way parenting has changed since the founding of America.

QUOTATION: “THE MEAT” The quotation comes in the middle of your quote sandwich with quotation marks around it, like this*: “This is where you put your quotation if it is under four lines in your text” (Surname #). *MLA style

QUOTATION: “THE MEAT” Example, including the lettuce/tomato: According to Paula Fass, respected professor and expert in the history of childhood, while early Americans “saw something precious and important about childhood as a stage of life, their cruder conditions and more demanding economy made it far less likely that children would inhabit an exclusive world in nurseries and at play away from the travails of the world” (19).

CITATION: “CHEESE” List the citation in MLA format directly following the quote. Just like a really good sandwich, without the citation, the meat is NO GOOD.

CITATION: “CHEESE” Example: According to Hine, author of 5 books on history and culture, “young men of seventeen, sixteen, and younger had been soldiers in all of America’s previous wars and, more than likely, in every war that had ever been fought. By 1941 they had come to seem too young. (3)

YOUR ARGUMENT: “THE BREAD, PART 2” Immediately following the quote/citation, explain why you have used this quotation or how it relates to the larger issues (including your thesis) of your paper. Make the connections explicit. Don’t quote dump!

POINT: “THE BREAD, PART 2” Don’t let all your work fall apart! This is where YOUR ideas shine through. Coupled with the topic sentence, this explanation is the MOST important part of the sandwich!

POINT: “THE BREAD, PART 2” Example: Fass reminds readers that financial circumstances and environmental realities often affect the ways that parents are able to shelter their children, though it is important to note that limitations on safeguarding are in no way an indicator of levels of love or affection. The “free range” child is in no way a less valued child in contemporary society than the “managed child. ”

EXAMPLE QUOTE SANDWICH: Children in the 21 st century are managed in a way that children in earlier centuries are not. Historians like Paula Fass can point to specific changes in cultural and educational standards that indicate young people are given far less autonomy today than 100 or even 50 years ago. According to Fass, whose most recent book, The End of American Childhood is an indepth look at the way parenting has changed since the founding of America, while early Americans “saw something precious and important about childhood as a stage of life, their cruder conditions and more demanding economy made it far less likely that children would inhabit an exclusive world in nurseries and at play away from the travails of the world” (19). Fass reminds readers that financial circumstances and environmental realities often affect the ways that parents are able to shelter their children, though it is important to note that limitations on safeguarding are in no way an indicator of levels of love or affection. The “free range” child is in no way a less valued child in contemporary society than the “managed child. ”

SANDWICHES = VARIETY

ADDING A QUOTE SANDWICH TO A PARAGRAPH A quote sandwich Quote sandwich a paragraph support for topic sentence

PUTTING IT INTO PRACTICE Quotation Sandwiches!

FIND YOUR OWN SANDWICH Look through your draft and locate a quote you have incorporated into your essay. Identify the components you have already included: � Bread 1: Topic Sentence � Condiments: Transitions � Lettuce/Tomato: Signal Phrase/Appositive � Pickles/Onions: Additional details about source � Meat: Quote � Cheese: Citation � Bread 2: Interpretation and connection to topic sentence/thesis

UPGRADE THAT SANDWICH Add more components �What is missing? �What is incomplete? Improve the components you have (Wonderbread to Multigrain bread) �Strengthen the language �Streamline/edit for concision Finishing �Check touches! citations �Check mechanics, punctuation

SHARE YOUR WORK Find a partner

SHARE WITH YOUR ELBOW PARTNER Show your partner the quote sandwich you’ve been working on Tell them what you have done to improve it Ask them what else you think could make the sandwich better. Give one another constructive feedback on this one quote sandwich.

WILLING TO SHARE?

QUESTIONS?

CONTINUE WORKING, ALONE OR IN PAIRS I’ll float and answer questions.

DR. REBEKAH FITZSIMMONS GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY REBEKAH. FITZSIMMONS@LMC. GATECH. EDU @DRFITZPHD For a copy of the slides from today, see: https: //rebekahfitzsimmons. com/current-research/