Attachment Learning Theory www tutor 2 u netpsychology
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Attachment Learning Theory www. tutor 2 u. net/psychology
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Learning Theory § Question: Why do pet cats show a lot of affection to their owners when they hear the sound of food being prepared? www. tutor 2 u. net/psychology
Learning Theory § Lesson Objectives: § To apply the key terms of classical conditioning to attachment and understand how children can form an attachment through learning. § To evaluate the learning theory using animal studies. www. tutor 2 u. net/psychology
Learning Theory - Background § Learning theories of attachment focus on the rewards provided by caregivers. § Question: What type of rewards do caregivers provide their children with? § Food § Comfort § Warmth § Shelter www. tutor 2 u. net/psychology
Classical Conditioning § Task: While watching the following video, fill in the blanks on your handout, using the key words provided. www. tutor 2 u. net/psychology
Before conditioning § In the video, Rover (the dog) is presented with a stimulus – a bell. When the bell is rung, there is no response in Rover. This is because dogs are not naturally wired to respond to a bell. Therefore, we call the bell a ____________. neutral stimulus § When Rover is introduced to the sight of food his natural response is to salivate. This is a natural/innate reaction so this stimulus is called an unconditioned stimulus ____________ and his response is called an unconditioned response ____________. www. tutor 2 u. net/psychology
During conditioning § If we repeatedly ring the bell immediately before presenting Rover with conditioned food, he will be ____________ to respond to the bell. www. tutor 2 u. net/psychology
After conditioning § Now Rover will salivate upon hearing the bell even in the absence of food. This response has been conditioned. It is now a conditioned response ____________, and the bell has become a conditioned stimulus ____________. Classical conditioning – learning through association To summarise… www. tutor 2 u. net/psychology
1. Before conditioning 2. Before conditioning 3. During conditioning 3. After conditioning www. tutor 2 u. net/psychology
Classical Conditioning & Attachment Let’s imagine the following: Pavlov’s dog is now a baby www. tutor 2 u. net/psychology The bell is now the mother The dog food is now milk
Classical Conditioning § Task: In groups, cut out and arrange the pictures and key words provided to demonstrate the process of classical conditioning in attachment, using the four stages detailed below. www. tutor 2 u. net/psychology
1. Before conditioning 2. Before conditioning Happy baby – relieved from hunger Unconditioned stimulus 3. During conditioning Unconditioned stimulus Neutral stimulus www. tutor 2 u. net/psychology Unconditioned response Neutral stimulus No response 3. After conditioning Unconditioned response Conditioned stimulus Conditioned response
Unconditioned Stimulus No response Neutral Stimulus Unconditioned Response Unconditioned Stimulus Neutral Stimulus Conditioned Response www. tutor 2 u. net/psychology Task: Complete the diagram below to demonstrate the process of classical conditioning for attachment. Either draw pictures or write the name of what should appear in each section. Unconditioned Response
Unconditioned Stimulus No response Neutral Stimulus Unconditioned Response Unconditioned Stimulus Neutral Stimulus Conditioned Response www. tutor 2 u. net/psychology Unconditioned Response
Classical Conditioning & Attachment Task: Write a short summary of how children form an attachment through classical conditioning. Use your diagram to help you. Hint: Make sure that you relate your answer to the formation of an emotional tie/bond between the mother and child. Don’t just conditioning. www. tutor 2 u. net/psychology outline classical
Harlow(1959) § Question: While watching the following video, consider the following question: Do Harlow’s findings support or refute the learning theory of attachment, and why? www. tutor 2 u. net/psychology
Harlow (1959) § Task: Using the information provided on the Harlow (1959) study, write a burger paragraph evaluating the learning theory of attachment. www. tutor 2 u. net/psychology
The Burger Technique Point Evidence or Example One issue with the learning theory of attachment comes from research by Harlow (1959) found… Explain This matters because… www. tutor 2 u. net/psychology
The Burger Technique § Task: Swap your completed burger with your partner and assess whether your partner has written an effective evaluation point. § Consider the following: 1) Have they explained the results of Harlow (1959) so that someone who doesn’t know this study would understand the outcome? 2) Have they explained why Harlow’s research undermines the learning theory effectively? www. tutor 2 u. net/psychology
The Burger Technique Point One issue with the learning theory of attachment comes from research by Harlow (1959). Evidence or Example Harlow (1959) found that rhesus monkeys who were raised by two artificial surrogate mothers – one which provided food and one which provided comfort – spent most of their time cuddled to the soft cloth-covered mother, suggesting that attachments are based on contact comfort and not food. Explain This matters because it undermines the learning theory which suggests that babies form attachments for food, whereas Harlow suggests that attachments form for comfort and not food. www. tutor 2 u. net/psychology
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