Atomic Structure and Chemical Periodicity Atomic Size Quantum
- Slides: 17
Atomic Structure and Chemical Periodicity
Atomic Size – Quantum mechanical model doesn’t sharply define boundary to limit size – Atomic radius: ½ the distance between nuclei of 2 like atoms in a diatomic molecule • • Atomic radius
Atomic size
Atomic Size Increasing Atomic Size “Fatty Francium” Atomic Size Increasing
Octet Rule: atoms want 8 e- in their valence energy level Ionization Energies: amount of energy required to remove an electron from the valence shell of an atom Nobel Gases - don’t want to lose e- so they have very high ionization energy Li - doesn’t take much energy to lose e-, low ionization energy F - wants to gain an e- , therefore takes large amount of energy to pull off an e-, high ionization energy
Examples • Which atom has the larger radius? –Be or Ba Ba –Ca or Br Ca
▫ As you move down a group the ionization energy decreases b/c of the shielding effect e- e- e- + e- e- Inner e- tend to push outer eaway from the nucleus b/c both have negative charges e- e- ▫ As a result of this shielding effect outer e- are less tightly bound to the nucleus than inner e-
D. Ionization Energy (cont. ) Ionization Energy Increase
Ionic Size • Ion – positively (cation) or negatively (anion) charged atom, gains or loses electrons
Ionic Size Increase Cations Increase Anions Increase
Examples • Which atom has the higher ionization energy –N or Bi –Ba or Ne N Ne
Electronegativity • The electronegativity of an element is the tendency for the atoms to attract e- when they are chemically combined with another element • Noble Gases have NO electronegativity b/c they don’t gain e • Increase from left to right b/c of octet rule • Decrease when move down a group b/c of shielding effect
E. Electronegativity (cont. ) Electronegativity Increase
F. Summary of Trends Periodic Table of the Elements Atomic Size Increasing Fr “Fatty Francium” Ionic Size Increasing F Electronegativity Increase Atomic Size Increasing Ionization Energy Increase “Friendly Fluorine” Ionization Energy Increase Ionic Size Increasing Electronegativity Increase
Whiteboard Practice Which of these elements has a larger atomic size? 1. Li or K 3. Te or I 2. C or O elements in 4. order Ca or Arrange these of. Kincreasing atomic size. S, Cl, Al, Na Answer: Cl, S, Al, Na Is this a period trend or a group trend? Answer: Period trend
White Board Practice Write the element with the greatest value for Ionization Energy. 1. Al or P 3. O or Ne 2. Ca or Ni 4. Zr or Cs Rank the sets of atoms from smallest to largest for Electronegativity. 1. Se, Cr, Zn, Se 2. P, Ar, Mg, P
Atomic Size War! • Each card has an element symbol. • You will flip over one card and place it on the table and your partner will do the same. • Who ever has the Element with the GREATER atomic size Wins those two elements. • You continue to each flip over cards until one player has all the elements. • If you flip over the same element you will each turn over one more card and the player with the greater atomic size will win all four cards. • Separate the cards and shuffle and play a new game using a different trend.
- Ap chemistry chapter 7
- Ap chemistry chapter 7 atomic structure and periodicity
- Chapter 7 atomic structure and periodicity
- 42 electron configuration
- Atomic radius and ionization energy
- Periodic trends atomic radius
- Electronic configurations
- Quantum physics vs mechanics
- Quantum physics vs mechanics
- What is periodicity
- Texas health steps periodicity schedule
- Monophagic
- Chemsheets periodicity
- Aap bright futures periodicity schedule
- Electronegativity periodic trend
- Filariasis
- Atomic emission spectra and the quantum mechanical model
- Atomic emmision spectrum