Atomic Mass and Formula Mass Atomic mass mass
![Atomic Mass and Formula Mass Atomic mass = mass of an atom expressed relative Atomic Mass and Formula Mass Atomic mass = mass of an atom expressed relative](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-1.jpg)
![Formula mass calculation l H 2 O l l H x 2 = 1. Formula mass calculation l H 2 O l l H x 2 = 1.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-2.jpg)
![Measuring Matter l Counting Units l 12 = dozen l 2 = pair l Measuring Matter l Counting Units l 12 = dozen l 2 = pair l](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-3.jpg)
![The Mole!!!!!!! SI base unit for measuring the amount of a substance l Mole The Mole!!!!!!! SI base unit for measuring the amount of a substance l Mole](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-4.jpg)
![l Atoms, molecules, and formula units are so small it’s impossible to count them l Atoms, molecules, and formula units are so small it’s impossible to count them](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-5.jpg)
![Avogadro’s Number l Avogadro’s # = 6. 02 X 1023 l 60200000000000 l You Avogadro’s Number l Avogadro’s # = 6. 02 X 1023 l 60200000000000 l You](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-6.jpg)
![So how big is Avogadro’s # ? If you gave away 1 million dollars So how big is Avogadro’s # ? If you gave away 1 million dollars](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-7.jpg)
![Molar Mass We don’t deal with “amu” balances in Chemistry…we deal with balances which Molar Mass We don’t deal with “amu” balances in Chemistry…we deal with balances which](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-8.jpg)
![Molar mass Calculation example l Ca 2 C l Ca x 2 = 40. Molar mass Calculation example l Ca 2 C l Ca x 2 = 40.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-9.jpg)
![Watch out for these… l Let’s say you have 1 mole of Ca. Cl Watch out for these… l Let’s say you have 1 mole of Ca. Cl](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-10.jpg)
![Mass and the Mole l 1 mole of Fe has the same number of Mass and the Mole l 1 mole of Fe has the same number of](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-11.jpg)
![Mass to Mole Example l How many moles are present in 4. 395 grams Mass to Mole Example l How many moles are present in 4. 395 grams](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-12.jpg)
![Mole to Mass Example l Suppose you have a 0. 548 mole sample of Mole to Mass Example l Suppose you have a 0. 548 mole sample of](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-13.jpg)
![Moles to Particles Example l A sample of potassium chloride contains 2. 57 moles. Moles to Particles Example l A sample of potassium chloride contains 2. 57 moles.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-14.jpg)
![Particles to Moles Example l A sample of chlorine gas contains 5. 48 X Particles to Moles Example l A sample of chlorine gas contains 5. 48 X](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-15.jpg)
![Multistep Conversions The mole is the key here. It is the thing which chemists Multistep Conversions The mole is the key here. It is the thing which chemists](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-16.jpg)
![Mass to Particle Example l A baker needs 758 grams of sucrose (C 12 Mass to Particle Example l A baker needs 758 grams of sucrose (C 12](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-17.jpg)
![Particles to Mass Example l 8. 0 X 1020 atoms of calcium are present Particles to Mass Example l 8. 0 X 1020 atoms of calcium are present](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-18.jpg)
![Moles and Gases At the same temperature and pressure, equal volumes of gases contain Moles and Gases At the same temperature and pressure, equal volumes of gases contain](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-19.jpg)
![Moles to Volume l A chemical reaction produces 0. 82 moles of oxygen gas. Moles to Volume l A chemical reaction produces 0. 82 moles of oxygen gas.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-20.jpg)
![Volume to Moles l A huge latex balloon with a volume of 3675 L Volume to Moles l A huge latex balloon with a volume of 3675 L](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-21.jpg)
![Multistep Conversions using Molar Volume l How many grams of oxygen gas are present Multistep Conversions using Molar Volume l How many grams of oxygen gas are present](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-22.jpg)
![Percent Composition The mass of each element in a compound compared to the entire Percent Composition The mass of each element in a compound compared to the entire](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-23.jpg)
![% Composition Given Chemical Formula l Determine the percent composition for the following chemical % Composition Given Chemical Formula l Determine the percent composition for the following chemical](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-24.jpg)
![% Composition Given Mass Data If a compound has a total mass of 4. % Composition Given Mass Data If a compound has a total mass of 4.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-25.jpg)
![Empirical Formulas that give the simplest-whole number ratio of the atoms of the elements Empirical Formulas that give the simplest-whole number ratio of the atoms of the elements](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-26.jpg)
![Molecular Formulas The formula that gives the actual number of atoms of each element Molecular Formulas The formula that gives the actual number of atoms of each element](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-27.jpg)
![Determining Molecular Formula From Empirical Formula Beta carotene can be broken down to form Determining Molecular Formula From Empirical Formula Beta carotene can be broken down to form](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-28.jpg)
- Slides: 28
![Atomic Mass and Formula Mass Atomic mass mass of an atom expressed relative Atomic Mass and Formula Mass Atomic mass = mass of an atom expressed relative](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-1.jpg)
Atomic Mass and Formula Mass Atomic mass = mass of an atom expressed relative to the mass assigned to carbon-12 (carbon-12 is used as the standard) l Formula mass = sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms in a compound l
![Formula mass calculation l H 2 O l l H x 2 1 Formula mass calculation l H 2 O l l H x 2 = 1.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-2.jpg)
Formula mass calculation l H 2 O l l H x 2 = 1. 01 amu x 2 = 2. 02 amu O x 1 = 16. 00 amu Sum = 18. 02 amu C 6 H 12 O 6 l l C x 6 = 12. 01 amu x 6 = 72. 06 amu H x 12 = 1. 01 amu x 12 = 12. 12 amu O x 6 = 16. 00 amu x 6 = 96. 00 amu Sum = 180. 18 amu
![Measuring Matter l Counting Units l 12 dozen l 2 pair l Measuring Matter l Counting Units l 12 = dozen l 2 = pair l](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-3.jpg)
Measuring Matter l Counting Units l 12 = dozen l 2 = pair l 500 = ream This works for objects we can manipulate with bare hands. l Chemists need a way to accurately count the number of atoms, molecules, or formula units in a sample. l
![The Mole SI base unit for measuring the amount of a substance l Mole The Mole!!!!!!! SI base unit for measuring the amount of a substance l Mole](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-4.jpg)
The Mole!!!!!!! SI base unit for measuring the amount of a substance l Mole = number of carbon atoms in exactly 12 grams of pure carbon-12. l l Carbon-12 used as a standard. = 6. 02 X 1023 representative particles l 1 mole anything l Representative particles can be: l Atoms l Molecules (Covalently bonded) l Formula units (Ionically bonded)
![l Atoms molecules and formula units are so small its impossible to count them l Atoms, molecules, and formula units are so small it’s impossible to count them](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-5.jpg)
l Atoms, molecules, and formula units are so small it’s impossible to count them individually. l So, chemists need a special counting unit.
![Avogadros Number l Avogadros 6 02 X 1023 l 60200000000000 l You Avogadro’s Number l Avogadro’s # = 6. 02 X 1023 l 60200000000000 l You](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-6.jpg)
Avogadro’s Number l Avogadro’s # = 6. 02 X 1023 l 60200000000000 l You don’t have to write this number, it’s just for effect…just know it’s a big number and use the scientific notation always
![So how big is Avogadros If you gave away 1 million dollars So how big is Avogadro’s # ? If you gave away 1 million dollars](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-7.jpg)
So how big is Avogadro’s # ? If you gave away 1 million dollars to each person on Earth every day, it would take more than 3000 years to distribute the money. l If you spread Avogadro's number of unpopped popcorn kernels across the USA, the entire country would be covered in popcorn to a depth of over 9 miles. l
![Molar Mass We dont deal with amu balances in Chemistrywe deal with balances which Molar Mass We don’t deal with “amu” balances in Chemistry…we deal with balances which](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-8.jpg)
Molar Mass We don’t deal with “amu” balances in Chemistry…we deal with balances which measure mass in grams…so we need a way to measure the mass of 1 mole of a substance… l The molar mass is just like the atomic mass and formula mass…just a different unit. (g/mol instead of amu) l
![Molar mass Calculation example l Ca 2 C l Ca x 2 40 Molar mass Calculation example l Ca 2 C l Ca x 2 = 40.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-9.jpg)
Molar mass Calculation example l Ca 2 C l Ca x 2 = 40. 08 g/mol x 2 = 80. 16 g/mol l C x 1 = 12. 01 g/mol l Sum = 92. 17 g/mol l N 2 H 4 l. N x 2 = 14. 01 g/mol x 2 = 28. 02 g/mol l H x 4 = 1. 01 g/mol x 4 = 4. 04 g/mol l Sum = 32. 06 g/mol
![Watch out for these l Lets say you have 1 mole of Ca Cl Watch out for these… l Let’s say you have 1 mole of Ca. Cl](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-10.jpg)
Watch out for these… l Let’s say you have 1 mole of Ca. Cl 2 … l How many moles of Ca 2+ do you have? l How many moles of Cl 1 - do you have? l How many formula units of Ca. Cl 2 do you have?
![Mass and the Mole l 1 mole of Fe has the same number of Mass and the Mole l 1 mole of Fe has the same number of](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-11.jpg)
Mass and the Mole l 1 mole of Fe has the same number of atoms as 1 mole of Ne l 6. 02 l X 10 23 atoms of each 1 mole of Fe does not have the same mass as 1 mole of Ne l 1 atom of Fe does not have the same mass as 1 atom of Ne
![Mass to Mole Example l How many moles are present in 4 395 grams Mass to Mole Example l How many moles are present in 4. 395 grams](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-12.jpg)
Mass to Mole Example l How many moles are present in 4. 395 grams of sodium chloride?
![Mole to Mass Example l Suppose you have a 0 548 mole sample of Mole to Mass Example l Suppose you have a 0. 548 mole sample of](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-13.jpg)
Mole to Mass Example l Suppose you have a 0. 548 mole sample of dinitrogen triiodide. What is the mass (in grams) of this sample?
![Moles to Particles Example l A sample of potassium chloride contains 2 57 moles Moles to Particles Example l A sample of potassium chloride contains 2. 57 moles.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-14.jpg)
Moles to Particles Example l A sample of potassium chloride contains 2. 57 moles. How many formula units of potassium chloride are present in this sample?
![Particles to Moles Example l A sample of chlorine gas contains 5 48 X Particles to Moles Example l A sample of chlorine gas contains 5. 48 X](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-15.jpg)
Particles to Moles Example l A sample of chlorine gas contains 5. 48 X 1024 molecules of chlorine gas. How many moles of chlorine gas does this sample contain?
![Multistep Conversions The mole is the key here It is the thing which chemists Multistep Conversions The mole is the key here. It is the thing which chemists](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-16.jpg)
Multistep Conversions The mole is the key here. It is the thing which chemists use the most when dealing with calculations involving chemical reactions. l There are two main types of multipstep conversions: l l Mass to particle l Particle to mass
![Mass to Particle Example l A baker needs 758 grams of sucrose C 12 Mass to Particle Example l A baker needs 758 grams of sucrose (C 12](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-17.jpg)
Mass to Particle Example l A baker needs 758 grams of sucrose (C 12 H 22 O 11) to bake a cake. How many sucrose molecules will be in the unbaked cake?
![Particles to Mass Example l 8 0 X 1020 atoms of calcium are present Particles to Mass Example l 8. 0 X 1020 atoms of calcium are present](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-18.jpg)
Particles to Mass Example l 8. 0 X 1020 atoms of calcium are present in a multivitamin. How many grams of calcium does a person consume when they take the vitamin?
![Moles and Gases At the same temperature and pressure equal volumes of gases contain Moles and Gases At the same temperature and pressure, equal volumes of gases contain](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-19.jpg)
Moles and Gases At the same temperature and pressure, equal volumes of gases contain the same number of gas particles. l STP = Standard Temperature and Pressure (0 o. C and 1 atmosphere) l At STP, it was found experimentally that 1 mole of any gas had a volume of 22. 4 L. l We call this volume the molar volume l
![Moles to Volume l A chemical reaction produces 0 82 moles of oxygen gas Moles to Volume l A chemical reaction produces 0. 82 moles of oxygen gas.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-20.jpg)
Moles to Volume l A chemical reaction produces 0. 82 moles of oxygen gas. What volume will that gas occupy assuming the chemical reaction occurred at STP?
![Volume to Moles l A huge latex balloon with a volume of 3675 L Volume to Moles l A huge latex balloon with a volume of 3675 L](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-21.jpg)
Volume to Moles l A huge latex balloon with a volume of 3675 L contains how many moles of helium at STP?
![Multistep Conversions using Molar Volume l How many grams of oxygen gas are present Multistep Conversions using Molar Volume l How many grams of oxygen gas are present](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-22.jpg)
Multistep Conversions using Molar Volume l How many grams of oxygen gas are present in a sample of oxygen gas with a volume of 58. 4 L at STP? l A sample of neon gas has a volume of 5. 2 L at STP. How many grams of neon are present in the sample? How many atoms of neon are present in the sample?
![Percent Composition The mass of each element in a compound compared to the entire Percent Composition The mass of each element in a compound compared to the entire](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-23.jpg)
Percent Composition The mass of each element in a compound compared to the entire mass of the compound, and multiplied by 100%. l (Part/Whole) X 100% l l This l needs to be done for each element! Two ways to determine percent composition l Given a chemical formula l Given experimental mass data
![Composition Given Chemical Formula l Determine the percent composition for the following chemical % Composition Given Chemical Formula l Determine the percent composition for the following chemical](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-24.jpg)
% Composition Given Chemical Formula l Determine the percent composition for the following chemical compounds: l C 6 H 12 O 6 l (NH 4)2 S
![Composition Given Mass Data If a compound has a total mass of 4 % Composition Given Mass Data If a compound has a total mass of 4.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-25.jpg)
% Composition Given Mass Data If a compound has a total mass of 4. 50 grams, and contains 1. 25 grams of carbon and 3. 25 grams of oxygen, what is its percent composition? l If a compound contains only 3. 10 grams of iron and 1. 25 grams of oxygen, what is its percent composition? l
![Empirical Formulas that give the simplestwhole number ratio of the atoms of the elements Empirical Formulas that give the simplest-whole number ratio of the atoms of the elements](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-26.jpg)
Empirical Formulas that give the simplest-whole number ratio of the atoms of the elements in a compound. l These cannot be reduced any further! l Example: Ca. Cl 2 cannot be reduced. l Example: CH 2 O cannot be reduced. l Example: Ba(OH)2 cannot be reduced. l
![Molecular Formulas The formula that gives the actual number of atoms of each element Molecular Formulas The formula that gives the actual number of atoms of each element](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-27.jpg)
Molecular Formulas The formula that gives the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecular compound. l This formula is always a whole-number multiple of the empirical formula. l This formula can be reduced to yield the empirical formula. l Example: C 6 H 12 O 6 can be reduced to CH 2 O l
![Determining Molecular Formula From Empirical Formula Beta carotene can be broken down to form Determining Molecular Formula From Empirical Formula Beta carotene can be broken down to form](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/55cedabfc9cdb023431cfeab319dbe15/image-28.jpg)
Determining Molecular Formula From Empirical Formula Beta carotene can be broken down to form vitamin A. The empirical formula for beta carotene is C 5 H 7. The molar mass of beta carotene is 536 g/mol. What is the molecular formula? l The molar mass of TNT is 227. 0 g/mole. If its empirical formula was determined to be C 7 H 5 N 3 O 6 What is its molecular formula? l
Relative atomic mass of beryllium
Difference between atomic mass and mass number
Whats the difference between atomic mass and atomic number
Atomic mass vs mass number
Formula mass vs gram formula mass
Formula mass vs gram formula mass
Gram mass
Atomic mass vs molar mass
Average atomic mass formula
How to calculate average atomic mass
How to calculate average mass percent
Periodic table with trends
Atomic radius in periodic table
Atomic number vs atomic radius
Sulfur atomic number and mass
Isotopes of an element have a different number of
Z mass number
Atomic number and mass number of boron
Chapter 9 section 3 stoichiometry
Percent mass formula
How to convert moles to grams
Formula mass vs molecular mass
Cl- molar mass
Pico unit
Formula mass vs molar mass
Formula mass vs molecular mass
Non-metal; halogen family; 35 amu
Atomic mass periodic trend
Amu vs molar mass