ATI Aerosol Photometer Aerosol Generator Basics NAFA Meeting

ATI Aerosol Photometer & Aerosol Generator Basics NAFA Meeting April 18, 2012 Scottsdale, AZ

ATI Aerosol Photometer Basics website: www. ATItest. com email: info@ATItest. com phone: 410 -363 -9696 Dave Crosby Tony Hawkins Don Largent dcrosby@atitest. com ahawkins@atitest. com dlargent@atitest. com

Topics • • • Basic HEPA Filtration System Aerosol Generator Basics Photometer Basics HEPA Filter Testing Summary Standards and help resources

Objectives of Session • Explain basic HEPA filtration components • Describe “in-situ” test techniques • Detail aerosol generator design and operation • Describe components and functions of the photometer • Differentiate between efficiency and leak testing of HEPA filters

Basic HEPA Filtration System

HEPA System Examples

Aerosol Generators • • • Types of Aerosols Aerosol Size Laskin Nozzle Type Thermal Inert Gas Type Generator Capacities & Concentration

Two Types of Aerosol • Monodisperse or Near- Monodisperse • Polydisperse

Near-Monodisperse Aerosol

Polydisperse Aerosol

Aerosol Size 0. 3 Micrometer

Monodisperse Aerosol Penetrometer (i. e. Filter Tester)

Polydisperse Laskin Nozzle Aerosol Generators

Polydisperse Laskin Nozzle

DOP Output of Laskin Nozzle • NRL Report 5929, Echols & Young, pg. 16, Appendix A, Model III-A (4 jets) • 20 psig @ 75 lpm @ 5. 1 mg/l • 75 lpm X 5. 1 mg/l = 382. 5 mg/min DOP • Output mixed with 135 cfm of air produces a concentration of 100 ug/l

Calculate Aerosol Challenge Concentration (µg/l) Laskin Nozzle Number Nozzles X 13, 500 Total Flow (cfm)

Polydisperse Thermal (vapor condensation) Aerosol Generator (inert gas)

Thermal Generator Operation

Generator Capacities Description TDA-4 Blite TDA-4 B 6 D 5 C Aerosol Output Range 50 -4, 050 cfm 50 -8, 100 cfm 50 -2, 000 cfm 1, 500 -65, 000 cfm Aerosol Concentration 100µg/l @ 405 cfm* 810 cfm* 200 cfm* 6, 500 cfm Aerosol Concentration 10µg/l @ 4, 050 cfm* 8, 100 cfm* 2, 000 cfm* 65, 000 cfm Generator Type 1 to 3 Laskin Nozzles 1 to 6 Laskin Nozzles 2 or 6 Laskin Nozzle Jets Thermal (Vapor Condensation) Compressed Gas 3 to 9 cfm @ 20 psi 3 to 18 cfm @ 20 psi (Not Required) Inert Gas Polydispersed (cold) Polydispersed (hot) Lx. Hx. W 10 in x 8 in x 9 in 11 in x 10 in x 11 in 14. 5 in x 9 in x 10 in 14 in x 10 in 12 lbs 16 lbs 34 lbs 23 lbs (Not Required) 110 or 220 VAC Aerosol Type Size Inches (in) Weight-Pounds (lbs) Electrical *When operated at 20 psi

Generator Applications • Monodisperse Penetrometer used at the factory and DOE Filter Test Facility (ATI Filter Test Laboratory): EFFICIENCY Testing • Polydisperse Aerosol Generators and Photometers: In-Place Filter Leak Testing

Photometers • • Forward Light Scattering Photometer Flow Diagram Photometer Components Digital Type Internal Reference (INT REF)

Light Scattering

Forward Light Scattering

Forward Light Scattering Chamber

Photometers View Particles En Masse

Particle Counter Operation (One Particle at a time)

Photometer Flow Diagram

Analog Photometer

TDA-2 G Digital Photometer

2 H Digital Photometer

2 i Digital Photometer

Digital Photometer Components • • Selector Valve % Penetration Display & Bar Graph Program/Control Key (ENTER) Scroll UP ( ) & Scroll Down ( ) keys Function keys (0) (100) (REF) (ALARM) Upstream & Downstream Connections Power switch (Ctrl-Alt-DEL) Fuses & various signal connectors

2 i Digital Photometer Features • • • Selector Valve – Electronically controlled Full digital display % Penetration & Flow Controlled via Probe and Base Easily navigable menu structure Power switch and button

Digital Photometer Operation • Use INT REF to establish 100 ug/l sensitivity level • Measure & record upstream challenge concentration • Set for 100% with upstream challenge concentration (100% baseline) • Set for. 000% (0% baseline) • Test downstream for aerosol leakage

Purpose of INT REF Feature • To measure upstream challenge concentration levels directly in ug/l • To set a photometer to the correct sensitivity level when an upstream aerosol challenge sample is unavailable and the concentration has to be calculated

INT REF on Digital Photometer Using Calculated Concentration • Simply scroll to the calculated concentration

In-Situ Filter Leak Testing • Performed with Polydisperse Aerosol • Tests the entire filtration system for defects • Checks the following system components Frames Gaskets Filters

SUMMARY • Efficiency testing done at factory with Monodisperse aerosol • Efficiency testing measures penetration through HEPA filter only • In-place testing done with Polydisperse aerosol • In-place tests complete filtration system for defects (leaks)

Standards • • IEST RP-001 Filters IEST RP-002 Laminar Flow Devices IEST RP-006 Cleanrooms IEST RP-034 Scanning HEPA Filters ISO 14644 ASME AG-1 Code ASME N-511 NSF 49

Where to Get More Information • • Nuclear Air Cleaning Handbook NEBB Cleanroom Guide IEST Standards Various Manufacturers Literature and websites • International Air Cleaning Conference Proceedings