Athens V Sparta Athens and Sparta were probably
Athens V Sparta
Athens and Sparta were probably the two most famous and powerful city states in Ancient Greece. However, they were both very different.
Population Athens By 432 B. C. largest citystate – 150, 000 Athenians – 50, 000 non-citizens and 100, 000 slaves Sparta • 8, 000 adult males • Over 100, 000 slaves and semi-enslaved people
Athens v Sparta • Athens’ Government ruled as a democracy. They were the 1 st to ever do this. • Sparta’s Government ruled as an oligarchy by 2 Kings. • Both Athens’ and Sparta’s governments were elected by the people.
Government Athens • Direct democracy • Elected officials including 10 generals, magistrates • Council of 500: administer decision made by Assembly • Assembly: all male citizens; passed laws • Trial by jury • • • Sparta Oligarchy: rule by few Combination of different forms of gov. Two kings: led army 5 Overseers: ran day-to-day operations of Sparta; had veto power Senate: 28 men over 60; elected for life; acted as judges; proposed legislation Assembly: all Spartan males
Athens v Sparta • Athens is built below the acropolis which stands on a hill above all of Athens. • Sparta is surrounded by mountains, which makes it difficult for it to be invaded.
• ATHENS Social structure • SPARTA – FREEMEN • ARISTOCRATS • SMALL FARMERS • URBAN CRAFTSMEN & TRIREME ROWERS – METICS – CAME FROM OUTSIDE ATHENS; NOT ALLOWED TO OWN LAND – SLAVES – LOWEST CLASS, NO RIGHTS, PROPERTY OF MASTERS – SPARTIATES – MILITARY PROFESSIONALS/ CITIZENS – OUTSIDERS – FREEMEN; ARTISANS, CRAFTSMEN, MERCHANTS – HELOTS – CONQUERED PEOPLES; TREATED LIKE SLAVES; OWED 50% OF PRODUCE TO SPARTIATES
ATHENS • Athens was a very creative city state. • They believed in a good education. (for boys) • You could go into the army or navy if you wanted to. (if you were a boy)
SPARTA • Sparta was very focused on obedience and war and the people did not have any luxuries. • Boys did not have to work or be educated but trained to be warriors from a young age. • Boys had to join the Spartan army.
MILITARY • The Spartan warrior was the most feared soldier in Greece • The Athenian trireme allowed the navy to protect the Athenian way of life
Lifestyle / Values • • • Athens Democratic values Participation in government a civic responsibility Many religious holidays Theatre / sporting events Trading empire brought contact with many other cultures Sparta • Militaristic values • Citizens were not permitted to own luxuries • Children were taught to respect elderly, women, and warriors
EDUCATION • Athens – No formal education for girls – Boys learned rhetoric, mathematics, reading writing, poetry, music, gymnastics • Sparta – Military school at age 7 for boys – Lived in barracks and stole to survive – Girls learned athletics
Role of Women Athens • Women were kept at home • Could not participate in athletics • Some women held high posts at religious ceremonies Sparta • Girls were educated • Could participate in sports • Goal was to produce healthy babies • Married at 18 • Enjoyed a great deal of freedom • Could own and control their property • Expected to protect land while husband was at war
ATHENS • Girls were not regarded as important by the Athenians. • Girls could be taught at home. (if they had rich parents) • Girls were not allowed to take part in anything to do with war, business or education.
SPARTA • Girls in Sparta were to grow up to be the mothers of warriors. • Although they were not allowed to fight, girls took part in all the training because fit ladies produced fit babies, who would fight!
Food Sparta Athens • Spartan Broth: pork, • Enjoyed food from all blood, salt, vinegar over the empire • Trade brought goods from • Trained to dislike luxuries and fancy food all over the Mediterranean • Men lived separate from region wives for much of the time
Athens v Sparta • Athens and Sparta had very different ways of living their lives. • Athens wanted to control as much land as possible and this led to much war between Greek lands. • Sparta, although more powerful kept itself to itself unless their army was needed.
However when it came to Athens and Sparta against each other… Sparta won! But, they did not take over Athens they said they would not burn it as long as Athens promised not to keep trying to take over. Athens was therefore left as it was and even now is one of the most famous cities in the world.
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