ASTM ASTM International Models significance to Chinas Standardization

ASTM国际标准范式对中国标准化改革的借鉴意义 ASTM International Model’s significance to China’s Standardization Reform 海口, 2017年 9月21日 Haikou, 21 Sep 2017 第十四届中国标准化论坛 14 th China Forum on Standardization www. astm. org © ASTM International

李总理话标准 Premier LI on Standards 质量立国要强化标 准引领（2017年 2 月23日） 如何做到？ © ASTM International Choose Insert > Header and Footer to change Presentation Title Choose Insert > Header and Footer to change Date 3

标准是世界商业的“通用语言” Standards are the common language for the global commerce. 80% of global trade is affected by standards © ASTM International

团体标准：目标？ Social Organizations Standards: Good? 相关 relevance 有效 effectiveness 品� quality 好用� 准 goodto-use ASTM 12000+ standards globally used by regulations, solutions, testing and certifications. © ASTM International

团体标准：路径？ Social Organizations Standards: Path to Good? 机制 mechanism 人力�源 human resources �机 motivation 制定好用 �准 make good © ASTM International

消费者优先 Consumer Priorities ASTM 的思考 商贸需求 Commercial needs © ASTM International 10 6/6/2021

团体标准：谁决策？ SO Standards: Who Decides? 定位如何 Positioning 公信力 public confidence �可以来 who to join 决策� decision making 意�表达 voicing �金�条 funding 如何妥� compromise © ASTM International 6/6/2021 11

团体标准：定位 Positioning Corporate 企� Consortia �盟 Voluntary Consensus 自愿性�商一致 National/government 国家/政府 ASTM Regional 区域性 © ASTM International Industry/association 行� /�会

ASTM 全球参与 ASTM Globally �洲 Asia 1745 members Beijing office Mo. Us throughout 欧洲 Europe � �拿大 加 Canada 1250 members Ottawa office SCC accredited �丁美洲 Latin 拉 America 1130 members Mexico City office Mo. Us throughout © ASTM International ASTM 1500 members Brussels office ASTM meetings in Europe more often 中� Middle East 388 members Mo. Us throughout June 2021 14

意见表达 Voice ASTM 同等��� equal voice 制修�建� proposals for development and revision © ASTM International June 2021 15

如何妥协？How to compromise 平等 equal �商一致 consensus 申� appeal © ASTM International 投票 vote June 2021 16

ASTM机制——公平性 利益均衡 Balance of Interest 生产商 Producers ASTM 非生产商 Nonproducers Technical Committees are balanced. The Official Producer voters must be less than or equal to the sum of the Official User & General Interest Voters. This ensures the development of fair, consensus, technically sound documents. It protects the documents from bias. © ASTM International

ASTM 协商一致的投票流程 ASTM Consensus Balloting Process Following the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees ASTM技术委员会管理规定 Committee on Standards 标准委员会 作组 Task Group Final Review and Approval of Procedures Society Review 学会审议 No % Return Required No % Affirmative Required Main Committee 技术委员会 60% Return Required 90% Affirmative Required Subcommittee 分技术委员会 60% Return Required 2/3 Affirmative Required Task Group 分委会 Subcommittee 主委会 Main Committee 学会评审 Society Review 作组 Membership Not Required 标准委员会 Committee on Standards Ballot results Available online Technical experts identify needed standards and the content © ASTM International June 2021 18

© ASTM International

公信力 Public Confidence �金 fund 服� service oriented 独立性 independence �� expertise 透明 transparency © ASTM International June 2021 21

ASTM国际标准组织概况 About ASTM International 30, 000+ global members 155 countries participating 来自 155个国家的3万 多名全球会员 In 2016 195 new standards 2000 revised standards 90 个行业 industry sectors 145 个技术委员会 Main Committees 1, 997 分技术委员 会 Subcommittees Collaborative Wide range of topics/applications Dynamic Information – Consensus with participation via a transparent – Serving 90 industry sectors from traditional to - Responding to new challenges, new technology and new markets - New standards in 16 -18 months, revisions in 6 -8 months. - Mandatory review every 5 years process; open to anyone, anywhere – Partners with business, government, industry and consumers; harness our members’ expertise – Building on good science, good engineering and good judgment (recognizes expertise, not nation of origin) – 51% of our members come from organizations with 250 employees or less cutting edge – Currently 12, 500 standards – Ensuring safety, quality and reliability, market access – Incorporated into regulations, contracts and codes – 6, 700+ citations by more than 75 nations – The choice of many global industries; 50% Online membership tools (networking, web conferencing, balloting and drafting) and information access. outside the U © ASTM International 23

大部分《财富》500强都有ASTM 企业解决方案 ASTM Solutions for Top 500 © ASTM International 24

ASTM标准涉及行业： ASTM Standards Cover: – Aerospace and Shipbuilding 航空和造船 – Agriculture 农业 – Asset Management 资产管理 – Automotive 汽车 – Building and Construction 房屋与建筑 – Chemicals 化学品 – Consumer Products 消费品 – Energy and Utilities 能源和公共设施 – Environment 环境 – Food Processing 食品加 – Health Care and Medical Devices卫生保健和医疗器械 – Information Technology 信息技术 – Manufacturing 制造业 – Metals 金属材料 – Mining and Mineral Processing 采矿和加 – Oil and Gas 石油和天然气 – Plastics 塑料 – Safety and Security 安全和国土安全 – Services 服务 – Sports and Leisure 运动与休闲 – Textiles and Leather 纺织品和皮革 © ASTM International 90+ industry sectors represented and 80% of world commodity trade affected by standards Industry Sectors 25

标准的挑战 Current Challenges in Global Standards Landscape • Rapidly growing list of organizations working/planning to develop AM standards 多方卷入的急剧增加 • Scopes of SDOs have evolved • High risk of duplication of efforts and overlapping content 重复制定的高风险 • Potential for inconsistencies (or even contradictions) 不一 致性（甚或相反的）潜在问题 • Conflicting standards create ambiguity and confusion 标准 的互相冲突引起模糊和混淆 • Coordination/Collaboration is critical 协调/协作是关键 © ASTM International

ASTM核心竞争力 Core Value 27 © ASTM International

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