Assured Availability of Safe Drinking Water Challenges of

Assured Availability of Safe Drinking Water Challenges of bringing Financially Self-Sustainable O&M Context : Rural Punjab - Sudhir Bhatia, Chief Engineer (North), DWSS Pb.

Key Words Assured Availability 100% O&M Cost Recovery O&M Through Community

RWS Punjab A Journey from 2008 to 2011 Let us Begin From The end

Himachal Pradesh Habitations 12, 339 PWS Schemes 6, 838 Pakistan Haryana Rajasthan

Annual per capita Income : Punjab Vs Other States PUNJAB

Scenario Rural Punjab – nov. 2011 . Households with Electricity = Mettle path connected houses 100% Power subsidy for pumping water to meet Agriculture needs = Houses adjoining drinking water 100% = pipe network (30% House Connections) Power subsidy for pumping water to meet Drinking water needs = 94% = NIL 100%

Our Kit. Ty of rural water supply 1, 030 Canal Schemes for 1753 Habitations 5, 808 Tubewell Schemes for 9166 Habitations 1, 420 Hand Pump Schemes for 1420 Habitations 1, 811 Reverse Osmosis Plants to supplement Dec. 2013 : Target for covering remaining Habitations 9. 82 Lakh(30%) Houses with Private Tap Connection 8. 17 Lakh (25%) Houses with access to RO Kiosks (100% Commissioning Target : Jan. 2012) 99. 5% Rural Schools possess Water Supply

Punjab, Nov. 2011 Comparison of Public Water Supplies : Urban Vs Rural S. No. Description Urban Areas Rural Areas* 1 Communities with 24 x 7 Water Supply NIL 11* 2 Communities with 100% Water Meters NIL 15* 3 Schemes with 100% House Connections NIL 214* 4 Communities targeting 100% O&M Cost recovery NIL 5, 130* 5 Communities having made Cash upfront contribution for Infrastructure creation NIL 3, 425* 6 Communities exempted from Water Tariff 100% Houses Up to 1, 200 sq. ft. NIL 1, 811* 7 Community with Dual Source Public Water Supply

Watershed Development Before PRWSS-1 During PRWSS-1 1. 2. 3. Supply Driven No Community contribution, Govt. ownership of all assets, 1. 2. 3. 4. More than 70% Govt. contribution in O&M. 4. 5. No Community with more than 70% House Connections, No Community with 24 x 7 Piped water supply, No transparent Complaint redressal mechanism. 6. 7. 5. 6. 7. Demand Driven, Community contribution, Community Ownership of new assets, No Govt. contribution in O&M. More than 1500 Communities (and number growing) with. . More than 11 Communities (and number growing) with…. 24 x 7 Toll free Complaint redressal through telephone….

GPWSC Owned, Top 5 Schemes Context : Surplus Revenue Generated S. No. Scheme District Month/ Houses Year Commis sioned %age House Connec tions Surplu s Reven ue (Rs. Lakh) as on 30. 11 1 Naushehr a Amritsar June – 09 1075 100 10. 65 2 Langroya SBS Ngr Sept – 09 725 105 6. 21 3 New Raj Guru Ngr Ludhiana Oct – 10 950 103 2. 50 4 Jodhan . . do. . 739 82 2. 33 5 Khuni Majra Mohali Jan - 10 230 96 2. 07

Rural Punjab – Nov. 2011 : Bottlenecks A peculiar public mindset*, which believes : 1. I am a Voter, ……. since it is by Govt. , provide ‘me’ Maximum, Free & Un-limited. 2. I eat well, how can health problems occur. 3. I know all the differences, but shall remain in-different, until you make me educated/disciplined. *consequent of 25 years old, state sponsored charity.

Sustainability : How do we define Fit & Forget : X Physical Sustainability = Enabled the intended service during designed period & can be further upgraded : Yes Financial Sustainability = 100% O&M Cost recovery : Yes

Building Solutions to the Challenges encountered : 1 1 Beneficiary > Customer > Constitutional Right The Best 2 Connecting poor & marginalised amongst 100% Financially Self-Sustainables GPWSC - Naushehra, Distt. Amritsar 3 Improving Service Level a. Bifurcations b. Augmentations c. Fresh Coverage 4 Design Interventions 5 Inspiring Quality Assurance

Building Solutions to the Challenges encountered : 2 6. Managing HRD 7. Viability Gap Funding 8. High O&M Costs, on a/c of : a. Electricity b. Water Wastage c. Staff expanses 9. Power Subsidy Demand 10. Sustaining 100% Financial Self-Sustainability No Stone is left Un-turned

Reducing Response Time How did we meet : Challenges to bringing Financial Sustainability - 1 Revenue Use Methodologies Recipient of State Benevolence Revenue Use permission = Not allowed Customer of the State Revenue Use permission = Conditional Rightful Citizen Revenue Use permission = Un-conditional

Assuring Availability for poor & marginalised How did we meet: Challenges to bringing Financial Sustainability – 2. 1 Stage-2 Stage-3

Assuring Availability for poor & marginalised How did we meet : Challenges to bringing Financial Sustainability – 2. 2 Stage-4 Stage-5 : Micro Water Works

Improving Service Level via Bifurcations How did we meet : Challenges to bringing Financial Sustainability - 3. 1 Why bifurcate What to take care How much to bifurcate Challenges after bifurcation Sch. Bifurcated 3 years = 1, 093 Districts w. r. t. inmaximum bifurcations since 2008 : 1. Ludhiana 2. Hoshiarpur 3. Sangrur 4. Moga 130/252* 124/290 109/144 28/112 5. 6. 7. 8. Patiala Mohali Amritsar Rup Nagar 97/478 92/157* 80/230 68/101

Improving Service Level via Augmentations How did we meet: Challenges to bringing Financial Sustainability- 3. 2 Why augment What to take care How much to augment Challenges after augmentation Sch. Augmented 3 years = 756 Districts w. r. t. in maximum augmentations since 2008: 1. Ferozepur 107/243 2. Patiala 100/478* 3. Hoshiarpur 90/290 4. Moga 84/112* 5. 6. 7. 8. Bathinda Sangrur Mansa Ludhiana 52/94 53/144 44/67 38/252

Improving Service Level via Fresh Coverage How did we meet: Challenges to bringing Financial Sustainability - 3. 3 Cluster approach, Micro WW, HP Dovetailing with GOI : NRDWSP, Finance Commission, BADP, Donations. BRGF, MPLAD, Swajaldhara Supplementing via NABARD & World Bank Loans New Technologies/Sources RSD -1 RSD-2

Design Interventions How did we meet : Challenges to bringing Financial Sustainability – 4. 1 Conventional Tubewell based Water Works Tailor made Tubewell based Mini Water Works

Design Interventions How did we meet : Challenges to bringing Financial Sustainability – 4. 2 Gains of Computerisation Water Tariff Billing Year 2007 -08 2008 -09 2009 -10 2010 -11 2011 - Upto Oct. Case Study : Mohali Division House Connections 37, 804 41, 314 53, 962 59, 842 62, 197 Annual Revenue Collection (Lakh) %age revenue increase w. r. t. Base year 270. 27 243. 11 347. 42 440. 54 217. 07 NA -10. 04 28. 50 62. 90 Under process Near 80% Increase in House Connections from 2008 to 2011

Inspiring Quality Assurance How did we meet : Challenges to bringing Financial Sustainability - 5 2 Learn Educate Enable Encourage Evaluate Accredit Monitor Re-EDUCATE Reward 1 3 Central Laboratory, Patiala 4 1 = Mobile Lab (1) 2 = Inside Mob. Lab. 3 = Central Lab (1) 4 = District Lab (29)

Managing HRD : IEC, Hand holding & Conflict resolution How did we meet : Challenges to bringing Financial Sustainability – 6. 1 Find out Understand Sell LISTEN Act Support Reward LISTEN

Managing HRD : IEC, Hand holding & Conflict resolution How did we meet : Challenges to bringing Financial Sustainability – 6. 2 Listening : A Woman making her point – CHAWA ( 11/11/2011) Supporting : Chief Engineer with GPWSC – CHAWA (Gurdaspur)

Viability Gap Funding How did we meet : Challenges to bringing Financial Sustainability – 7. 1 Case Study : 1, 811 RO Plants Conventional Wisdom leads to : Govt. pays for Infrastructure, O&M, Tariff collection, IEC & HRD PPP model conceived : Govt. pays for infrastructure & Annual Viability Gap Funding, if reqd. Private Operator provides : Installation, Operation, Repair & spares, Tariff collection, IEC & HRD 7 years BOLT Contract : Water Supply at RO Kiosk @ Rs. 1 - per 10 Ltr. 100% Financially Self-Sustainable, Dedicated DWSS Water Quality Monitoring Unit

Viability Gap Funding How did we meet : Challenges to bringing Financial Sustainability – 7. 2 We did not innovate Looked around & Encouraged 1 New Management Techniques for : Reverse Osmosis, Disinfection, Water Metering. 1 1 = A newly commissione d RO Plant under PIP model. 2 = Inside a RO Plant 2

Sustaining 100% Financial Self. Sustainability How did we meet : Challenges to bringing Financial Sustainability– 10. 1 Visualise Break up into do ables Assign Review Reprimand Monitor & Evaluate Encourage Reward Officers from Secretary to Executive Engineers : One of the 38 Monthly Review Meetings held so far.

Sustaining 100% Financial Self-Sustainability How did we meet : Challenges to bringing Financial Sustainability – 10. 2 Shadowing Exemplary Schemes Trainings for under performing GPWSCs Listening Sh. Aujla at Water Works, Langroya Miles to go before I sleep…….

Our Areas of CONCERN. Funds to cater – Post Design, Source Failures. Inadequate penetration of RO Service Delivery. Labour Laws . Staff shortage in DWSS. Policy interventions in other areas negatively influencing Sustaining of RWS Financial Sustainability. Prohibitive Power Costs in Kandi Area. Reducing ‘ground water yield’ , downstream of Check Dams . Predominance of Few & Older persons in GPWSCs. Depleting : Ground water & Raw water quality

conclusions “Nischay Kar Apni Jeet Karo”. Resolve. React. Recover Shri Guru Gobind Singh Ji motivating his followers Where there is will, there is a way. THANKS