Assessment of the Cardiovascular System Health Assessment Across
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Assessment of the Cardiovascular System Health Assessment Across the Lifespan NRS 102 Elsevier items and derived items © 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Structure and Function Subjective Data—Health History Questions Objective Data—The Physical Exam Abnormal Findings Elsevier items and derived items © 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Slide 19 -2
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Structure and Function Position and surface landmarks Precordium Ø Mediastinum Ø Apex and base of heart Ø Right and left cardiac borders Ø Great vessels Ø Heart wall Pericardium Ø Myocardium Ø Endocardium Ø Elsevier items and derived items © 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Slide 19 -3
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Precordium, Apex and Base © Pat Thomas, 2006. Elsevier items and derived items © 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Slide 19 -4
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Structure and Function (cont. ) Chambers Ø Atria—right and left Ø Ventricles—right and left Valves Atrioventricular • Tricuspid • Mitral Ø Semilunar • Pulmonic • Aortic Ø Elsevier items and derived items © 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Slide 19 -5
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Chambers and Valves © Pat Thomas, 2006. Elsevier items and derived items © 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Slide 19 -6
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Structure and Function Direction of blood flow (cont. ) Cardiac cycle Ø Diastole Ø Systole Ø Events in the right and left sides Heart sounds Ø First heart sound Ø Second heart sound Ø Effect of respiration Elsevier items and derived items © 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Slide 19 -7
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Structure and Function (cont. ) Extra heart sounds Third heart sound Ø Fourth heart sound Ø Murmurs Characteristics of sound Frequency (pitch) Ø Intensity (loudness) Ø Duration Ø Timing Ø Conduction Pumping ability Cardiac output Ø Preload Ø Afterload Ø Elsevier items and derived items © 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Slide 19 -8
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Structure and Function (cont. ) Neck vessels Ø Carotid artery Ø Jugular veins • Internal • External • Venous pulse and pressure Elsevier items and derived items © 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Slide 19 -9
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Elsevier items and derived items © 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Slide 19 -10
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Subjective Data— Health History Questions Chest pain Dyspnea Orthopnea Cough Fatigue Cyanosis or pallor Elsevier items and derived items © 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Slide 19 -11
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Health History Questions (cont. ) Edema Nocturia Cardiac history Family cardiac history Personal habits (cardiac risk factors) Elsevier items and derived items © 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Slide 19 -12
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Objective Data—The Physical Exam Preparation Position and draping Ø Room preparation Ø Order of examination Ø Equipment needed Marking pen Ø Small centimeter ruler Ø Stethoscope with diaphragm and bell endpieces Ø Alcohol swab Ø Elsevier items and derived items © 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Slide 19 -13
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Objective Data—The Physical Exam (cont. ) Carotid arteries Ø Palpate Ø Auscultate for bruit Jugular veins Ø Inspect the jugular venous pulse Ø Estimate the jugular venous pressure Ø Palpate for hepatojugular reflux Elsevier items and derived items © 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Slide 19 -14
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Objective Data—The Physical Exam (cont. ) Precordium Inspect the anterior chest Palpate the apical impulse Palpate across the precordium Percuss to outline the cardiac borders Elsevier items and derived items © 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Slide 19 -15
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Objective Data—The Physical Exam (cont. ) Auscultate the heart sounds Identify auscultatory areas Ø Note the rate and rhythm • Sinus arrhythmia • Pulse deficit Ø Identify S 1 and S 2 • S 1 is louder than S 2 at the apex • S 1 coincides with carotid artery pulse • S 1 coincides with R wave on electrocardiogram Listen to S 1 and S 2 separately Ø Listen for extra heart sounds Ø Listen for murmurs Ø Elsevier items and derived items © 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Slide 19 -16
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Auscultatory Areas Elsevier items and derived items © 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Slide 19 -17
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Objective Data—The Physical Exam (cont. ) Characteristics of normal heart sounds First heart sound Ø Second heart sound Ø Splitting of second heart sound Ø Extra heart sounds Midsystolic click Ø Third heart sound Ø Fourth heart sound Ø Murmurs Timing Ø Loudness Ø Pitch Ø Pattern Ø Quality Ø Location Ø Radiation Ø Posture Ø Elsevier items and derived items © 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Slide 19 -18
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Sample Charting Elsevier items and derived items © 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Slide 19 -19
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Sample Charting (cont. ) Elsevier items and derived items © 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Slide 19 -20
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Abnormal Findings Diastolic Extra Sounds Mitral prosthetic valve sound Third heart sound Fourth heart sound Summation sound Pericardial friction rub Elsevier items and derived items © 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Slide 19 -21
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Abnormal Findings Congenital Heart Defects Patent ductus arteriosus Atrial septal defect Ventricular septal defect Tetralogy of Fallot Coarctation of the aorta Elsevier items and derived items © 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Slide 19 -22
Chapter 19: Heart and Neck Vessels Abnormal Findings Murmurs Caused by Valvular Defects Midsystolic ejection murmurs Diastolic rumbles of atrioventricular valves Ø Aortic stenosis Ø Mitral stenosis Ø Pulmonic stenosis Ø Tricuspid stenosis Pansystolic regurgitant murmurs Early diastolic murmurs Ø Mitral regurgitation Ø Aortic regurgitation Ø Tricuspid regurgitation Ø Pulmonic regurgitation Elsevier items and derived items © 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Slide 19 -23
Halimbawa ng cardiovascular endurance
Chapter 25 assessment of cardiovascular function
Blood vesel
What makes up the circulatory system
Pithed rat model
Cardiovascular/lymphatic system it's totally tubular
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Cengage chapter 5
Chapter 11 the cardiovascular system figure 11-3
Figure 11-8 arteries
Chapter 11 the cardiovascular system
Lesson 11 cardiovascular system
Agranulocytes
Anatomy blood vessels
Introduction of cardiovascular system
Stent placement
Anatomy and physiology unit 7 cardiovascular system
Cardiovascular system diseases and disorders chapter 8
Chapter 13 cardiovascular system
Chapter 11 the cardiovascular system figure 11-2
The cardiovascular system includes the
Chapter 19 cardiovascular system blood
True capillaries
Riesgo cardiovascular por perimetro abdominal
