ASER PAKISTAN A Citizen Led Initiative Punjab Launch
ASER PAKISTAN A Citizen Led Initiative Punjab Launch February 10, 2014 Lahore
ASER PARTNERS 10, 000 Volunteers – Citizens – Youth !
ASER PAKISTAN 2010 -2015 • Citizen led large scale national household survey (3 -16 years). • Quality of education in rural and some urban areas (5 -16 years). • Seeks to provide evidence on learning and access. • Influence National & Provincial policy and actions for Right To Education (RTE) Article 25 -A. • Provides information for tracking MDG/EFA trends and targets up to 2015. • Influencing goal setting for Post-2015 agenda.
ASER ASSESSMENT TOOLS ASER Assessment tools : 1. LEARNING • Reading (Urdu/Sindhi/Pashto) • Arithmetic • English Assessments are based on Class II level curriculum for English & Urdu/Sindhi/Pashto and Class III level for Arithmetic. 2. HOUSEHOLD SURVEY 3. SCHOOL SURVEY – GOVERNMENT & PRIVATE
Scale of the Survey 36 Districts (Rural) 4 Districts (Urban*) 62, 634 Children (3 -16 Years) | 1, 928 Schools | 1, 141 Villages |22, 704 Households *Urban: Rahim Yar Khan, Multan, Faisalabad, Lahore.
FINDINGS
Enrollment (6 -16 Years) RURAL
Enrollment (6 -10 Years) RURAL
Out of school children (6 -16 Years) District wise map showing % children who are not in school RURAL
Out of school children – Punjab (6 -16 Years) Top 5 districts RURAL % of OOSC 1. Gujrat 5. 1 2. Narowal 5. 9 3. Gujranwala 6. 6 4. Chakwal 6. 7 5. Rawalpindi 7. 3 Bottom 5 districts % of OOSC 1. Rajanpur 40. 7 2. Dera Ghazi Khan 29. 8 3. Chiniot 27. 3 4. Rahim Yar Khan 27. 2 5. Bahawalpur 23. 8
Out of school children (6 -16 Years) Province wise map showing % children who are not in school RURAL
Enrollment (6 -16 Years) URBAN 93% Enrolled 7% Out of School
Gender Comparison Out of School Children (6 -16 years) RURAL Out-of-school children by gender 6 to 16 years Boys Girls % Children 50 40 30 20 10 0 9 7 8 8 2011 2012 2013 The proportion of out of school children (girls & boys) has remained the same.
Class Wise Enrollment RURAL Class-wise enrollment 2011 2012 2013 % Children 40 30 20 17 14 12 11 11 9 7 8 6 5 5 Class 6 7 8 9 10 10 0 1 2 3 4 Enrollment decreases as class level increases
QUALITY
LEARNING LEVELS URDU RURAL 66 % children in class 5 can read Story in Urdu.
LEARNING LEVELS URDU RURAL Children who can read story Urdu 2011 2012 2013 100 75 % Children 80 66 60 40 46 27 20 0 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6 Learning levels remain poor: 34% of the children from Class 5 cannot read Class 2 level story almost similar to 2012.
District wise map showing % children who can read story (Class 2 level) LEARNING LEVELS URDU RURAL (Class 5)
Province wise map showing % children who can read story (Class 2 level) LEARNING LEVELS URDU/SINDHI/PASHTO RURAL (Class 5)
LEARNING LEVELS ENGLISH RURAL 62 % children in class 5 can read Sentences in English
LEARNING LEVELS ENGLISH RURAL Children who can read English sentences 2011 2012 2013 100 % Children 80 62 60 40 73 44 25 20 0 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6 Very low improvement over the years: 38% of Class 5 children cannot read sentence in English (Class 2 level) in 2013 compared to 39% in 2012.
District wise map showing % children who can read sentences (Class 2 level) LEARNING LEVELS ENGLISH RURAL (Class 5)
Province wise map showing % children who can read sentences (Class 2 level) LEARNING LEVELS ENGLISH RURAL (Class 5)
LEARNING LEVELS ARITHMETIC RURAL 56 % children in class 5 can do 2 -digit division
LEARNING LEVELS ARITHMETIC RURAL Children who can do division 2011 % Children 100 2012 80 56 60 40 20 2013 68 36 19 0 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6 Arithmetic learning levels remain the same: 44% of class 5 children cannot do division in 2013 & 2012.
District wise map showing % children who can do division (Class 3 level) LEARNING LEVELS ARITHMETIC RURAL (Class 5)
Province wise map showing % children who can do division (Class 3 level) LEARNING LEVELS ARITHMETIC RURAL (Class 5)
LEARNING LEVELS BY GENDER (5 -16 YEARS) RURAL Learning levels by gender English 55 Boys 54 Girls Who can read at least sentences 100 80 60 40 20 0 Learning levels by gender Arithmetic 100 59 58 Boys Girls Who can read at least words % Children 100 80 60 40 20 0 % Children Learning levels by gender Urdu 80 60 54 51 40 20 0 Boys Girls Who can at least do subtraction Girls continue to lag behind boys in language and arithmetic competencies.
Learning levels of children enrolled in private schools are better LEARNING LEVELS TYPE OF SCHOOL Learning levels by school type Urdu 100 % Children 80 Private Government 77 65 60 48 62 63 100 71 40 20 Class 3: Can read at least sentences Class 5: Can read at least story 63% of children in government schools (Class 5) while 71% of children in private schools can read a story in Urdu. 58% of children in government schools while 70% of children in private schools (Class 5) can read sentences in English. 54% of children in government schools while 60% of children in private schools (Class 5) can do division. . Class 1: Can read at least small letters Class 3: Can read at least words Class 5: Can read at least sentences Learning levels by school type Arithmetic Government Private 100 % Children • 36 0 Class 1: Can read at least letters • 58 20 0 • 70 58 51 60 40 Private 71 80 % Children Government Learning levels by school type English 80 60 60 40 33 47 54 60 45 20 0 Class 1: Can recognize at least numbers (10 -99) Class 3: Can at least Class 5: Can at least do subtraction do division
ADDITIONAL LEARNING SUPPORT PAID TUITION Urban Rural Children attending paid tuition Private schools Government schools 100 100 80 80 80 60 60 40 40 20 3434 30 30 16 16 17 17 3434 1515 0 % Children Government schools Children attending paid tuition 63 60 40 Private schools 35 39 51 39 44 20 0 2011 2012 2013 Children in urban centers are more inclined to take paid tuition
LEARNING LEVELS OUT OF SCHOOL CHILDREN RURAL Learning levels: out-of-school children Urdu Learning levels: out-of-school children Arithmetic 100 40 20 0 11 10 7 Letters Words Sentences 17 80 60 Story 53 40 9 20 0 Beginner 100 Beginner 15 Number recognition 1 -9 recognition 1099 9 Subtraction 14 Division % Children 55 % Children 80 60 Learning levels: out-of-school children English 80 59 60 40 20 0 Beginner 8 9 10 Capital letters Small letters Words More than 40% out of school children are at more than ‘beginner’ level 14 Sentences
LEARNING LEVELS URBAN 100 80 60 40 2012 64 81 2013 2011 91 39 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6 % Children 2011 Children who can read English sentences 100 80 60 40 20 0 48 2012 64 Children who can do division 2013 86 2011 94 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6 % Children who can read story Urdu 100 80 60 40 2012 49 73 2013 86 26 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6 Learning levels of children living in urban centers are better compared to rural counter parts.
RURAL & URBAN COMPARISON Urban Rural Mother's Education(At least Primary) Tuition: Pvt. Schools Tuition: Govt. Schools Learning (Arithmetic)* 63% 37% 34% 15% 44% 39% 73% 56% Learning (English)* 62% Learning (Urdu)* 66% Enrollment(6 -16 year) Enrollment(3 -5 year) 86% 81% 84% 53% *Learning levels are taken for children enrolled in Class 5 61% 94%
School Attendance & Facilities
ATTENDANCE TEACHER RURAL Govt. school 100 Pvt. School 88 87 88 92 89 93 91 93 Primary Elementary High Others % Teacher 80 60 40 20 0 • Teacher attendance in government primary schools is better compared to private primary schools. • Teacher attendance trends have slightly improved as compared to 2012.
ATTENDANCE CHILDREN RURAL 86% 89% 88% 90% 88% 92% Overall children attendance is better in government schools 88%
MULTI-GRADE TEACHING Urban Rural Government 34 40 35 30 20 Private 50 43 13 %Children % Children 50 40 Government Private 30 22 20 10 10 0 35 30 4 0 Class 2 Class 8 Multi-grade teaching is higher in rural areas of Punjab. However, the difference is not much.
BASIC FACILITIES GOVERNMENT PRIMARY SCHOOL RURAL 80% 95% 86% Basic facilities in schools are still missing: 5% government primary schools do not have drinkable water facility, 20% do not have complete boundary walls and 14% do not have usable toilets.
Dissemination with a Difference! Mobilizing a Citizens’ Movement for Quality Education in Pakistan
ASER Dissemination Segmented Groups for Accountability & Action o ASER Baithaks/Jirgas/Katcheries (village/area gatherings) stakeholders: parents, communities, children, teachers, parents, children, government field officials to demand ACTION FOR IMPROVEMENT! o Teacher Unions & Associations Baithaks o District/Provincial/Federal Education & Literacy Departments § (Local, District, Provincial, National & International) o Youth Groups - mobilizing Ambassadors for Learning o Parliamentarians – politicians knocking on the doors in their constituencies o Judiciary & Judicial Academies- evidence backed judgments on 25 A o Academia/University /Research Groups - Pakistan & Abroad o Civil Society Organizations – nationwide- globally o Social Media o Media – Media !
Supporters of ASER Pakistan
Thank
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