ASER PAKISTAN A Citizen Led Initiative Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

ASER PAKISTAN A Citizen Led Initiative Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Launch February 24, 2014 Peshawar

ASER PARTNERS 10, 000 Volunteers – Citizens – Youth !

ASER PAKISTAN 2010 -2015 • Citizen led large scale national household survey (3 -16 years). • Quality of education in rural and some urban areas (5 -16 years). • Seeks to provide evidence on learning and access. • Influence National & Provincial policy and actions for Right To Education (RTE) Article 25 -A. • Provides information for tracking MDG/EFA trends and targets up to 2015. • Influencing goal setting for Post-2015 agenda.

ASER ASSESSMENT TOOLS ASER Assessment tools : 1. LEARNING • Reading (Urdu/Sindhi/Pashto) • Arithmetic • English Assessments are based on Class II level curriculum for English & Urdu/Sindhi/Pashto and Class III level for Arithmetic. 2. HOUSEHOLD SURVEY 3. SCHOOL – GOVERNMENT & PRIVATE

Scale of the Survey 25 Districts (Rural) 1 District (Urban*) 46, 669 Children (3 -16 years)| 1, 150 Schools | 763 Blocks/Villages | 15, 144 Households *Urban: Peshawar

FINDINGS

Enrollment (6 -16 Years) RURAL 86% 14%

Enrollment (6 -10 Years) RURAL 89 % Enrolled 11 % Out of school

Out of school children (6 -16 Years) RURAL District wise map showing % children (6 -16 year) who are not in School

Out of school children – KP (6 -16 Years) RURAL Top 5 districts % of OOSC 1. Abottabad 2. 0 2. Kohat 2. 0 3. Malakand 6. 3 4. Mansehra 6. 5 5. Chitral 7. 0 Bottom 5 districts % of OOSC 1. Kohistan 43. 7 2. Tor Ghar 29. 8 3. Shangla 27. 2 4. Lower Dir 19. 8 5. Battagram & Tank 19. 4

Out of school children (6 -16 Years) Province wise map showing % children who are not in school RURAL

Gender Comparison Out of School Children (6 -16 years) RURAL Out-of-school children by gender 6 to 16 years Boys Girls % Children 50 40 30 20 10 0 9 6 9 7 9 6 2011 2012 2013 The proportion of out of school children (girls), compared to last year, has remained the same.

Class Wise Enrollment RURAL Class-wise enrollment 2011 2012 2013 % Children 40 30 20 15 14 13 11 10 12 9 8 8 6 5 5 6 Class 7 8 9 10 0 1 2 3 4 Enrollment decreases as class level increases

QUALITY

LEARNING LEVELS URDU/PASHTO RURAL 39 % children in class 5 can read Story in Urdu/Pashto.

LEARNING LEVELS URDU/PASHTO RURAL Children who can read story Urdu/Pashto 2011 2012 2013 100 % Children 80 58 60 40 20 24 39 11 0 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6 Deterioration can be seen over the years : 61% children from Class 5 cannot read Class 2 level story in 2013 as compared to 57% in 2012.

District wise map showing % children who can read story ( Class 2 level). LEARNING LEVELS URDU/PASHTO RURAL % children of class 5 who can read story

Province wise map showing % children who can read story (Class 2 level) LEARNING LEVELS URDU/SINDHI/PASHTO RURAL (Class 5)

LEARNING LEVELS ENGLISH RURAL 39 % children in class 5 can read Sentences in English

LEARNING LEVELS ENGLISH RURAL Children who can read English sentences 2011 2012 2013 100 % Children 80 39 60 40 13 58 24 20 0 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6 Deterioration can be seen over the years: 61% of Class 5 children cannot read sentences in English (Class 2 level) in 2013 compared to 53% in 2012.

District wise map showing % children who can read sentences ( Class 2 level). LEARNING LEVELS ENGLISH % children of class 5 who can read sentences. RURAL

Province wise map showing % children who can read sentences (Class 2 level) LEARNING LEVELS ENGLISH RURAL (Class 5)

LEARNING LEVELS ARITHMETIC RURAL 38 % children in class 5 can do 2 -digit division

LEARNING LEVELS ARITHMETIC RURAL Children who can do division 2011 2012 2013 100 % Children 80 57 60 40 20 11 24 38 0 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6 Deterioration can be seen over the years: 62% of class 5 children cannot do division in 2013 as compared to 56% in 2012.

District wise map showing % children who can do division ( Class 3 level). LEARNING LEVELS ARITHMETIC RURAL % children of class 5 who can do division.

Province wise map showing % children who can do division (Class 3 level) LEARNING LEVELS ARITHMETIC RURAL (Class 5)

LEARNING LEVELS BY GENDER (5 -16 YEARS) RURAL Learning levels by gender English 100 60 50 40 40 80 20 0 Who can read at least sentences 48 40 0 Girls 59 60 20 Boys 100 % Children 80 Learning levels by gender Arithmetic 100 % Children Learning levels by gender Urdu/Pashto 80 60 53 41 40 20 0 Boys Who can read at least words Girls Boys Girls Who can at least do subtraction Gender gap in learning continues: Boys outperform girls in literacy and numeracy skills.

Children enrolled in private schools are performing better compared to their government counterparts. LEARNING LEVELS TYPE OF SCHOOL Learning levels by school type Urdu/Pashto Government % Children 80 71 Government 52 32 51 35 40 56 47 36 34 0 Class 1: Can read at Class 3: Can read at Class 5: Can read at least letters least sentences least story 35% of children in government schools (Class 5) while 51% of children in private schools can read a story in Urdu/Pashto. 34% of children in government schools while 56% of children in private schools (Class 5) can read sentences in English. 34% of children in government schools while 48% of children in private schools (Class 5) can do division. . Class 1: Can read at Class 3: Can read at Class 5: Can read at least small letters least words least sentences Learning levels by school type Arithmetic Government Private 100 % Children • 60 56 20 0 • 70 80 20 • Private 100 83 60 40 Private % Children 100 Learning levels by school type English 80 60 40 57 54 36 36 34 48 20 0 Class 1: Can recognize at least numbers (10 -99) Class 3: Can at least Class 5: Can at least do subtraction do division

ADDITIONAL LEARNING SUPPORT PAID TUITION Rural Children attending paid tuition % Children Government schools Private schools 100 80 60 40 20 20 21 19 3 2 2 2011 2012 2013 0 Private tuition incidence is greater in private school students.

LEARNING LEVELS OUT OF SCHOOL CHILDREN RURAL Learning levels: out-of-school children Urdu/Pashto Learning levels: out-of-school children English 60 60 40 12 20 0 Beginner Letters 11 Words 7 10 Sentences Story 80 100 64 60 40 20 0 Beginner 8 9 Capital letters Small letters 11 Words 8 Sentences % Children 80 100 % Children 100 Learning levels: out-of-school children Arithmetic 80 59 60 40 10 20 0 Beginner 15 6 Number Subtraction recognition 1 -9 10 -99 More than 35% out of school children are at more than ‘beginner’ level 10 Division

School Attendance & Facilities

ATTENDANCE TEACHER RURAL Govt. School % Teachers 100 85 95 84 94 Pvt. School 86 94 87 95 80 60 40 20 0 Primary Elementary High Other Teacher attendance in private primary schools is better than government primary schools

ATTENDANCE Government CHILDREN Private RURAL 86% 88% 84% 90% Elementary 86% High 90% 86% 88% Others Primary Children attendance in private primary schools is better than government primary schools

MULTI-GRADE TEACHING Rural Government Private 100 %School 80 60 40 20 38 32 17 9 0 Class 2 Class 8 38% of surveyed government schools had class 2 students sitting with other classes.

BASIC FACILITIES GOVERNMENT PRIMARY SCHOOL RURAL 66% 74% 57% Basic facilities in schools are still missing: 26% government primary schools do not have drinkable water facility, 34% do not have complete boundary walls and 43% do not have usable toilets.

Dissemination with a Difference! Mobilizing a Citizens’ Movement for Quality Education in Pakistan

ASER Dissemination Segmented Groups for Accountability & Action o ASER Baithaks/Jirgas/Katcheries (village/area gatherings) stakeholders: parents, communities, children, teachers, parents, children, government field officials to demand ACTION FOR IMPROVEMENT! o Teacher Unions & Associations Baithaks o District/Provincial/Federal Education & Literacy Departments § (Local, District, Provincial, National & International) o Youth Groups - mobilizing Ambassadors for Learning o Parliamentarians – politicians knocking on the doors in their constituencies o Judiciary & Judicial Academies- evidence backed judgments on 25 A o Academia/University /Research Groups - Pakistan & Abroad o Civil Society Organizations – nationwide- globally o Social Media o Media – Media !

Supporters of ASER Pakistan

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