Aseptic Technique Terminology Microbe Exogenous Endogenous Pathogen Infection

Aseptic Technique

Terminology �Microbe �Exogenous �Endogenous �Pathogen �Infection �Resistance �Sepsis �Asepsis �Sterile

Terminology �Surgical Asepsis �Medical Asepsis �Disinfectant �–cidal �Microcidal �Virocidal �Germocidal �–static �Virostatic �Germostatic

Methods of Sterilization �Filtration �Radiation �Cold Sterilization �Thermal energy �Dry heat �Moist heat �Flash Sterilization

Sterilization indicators �Tape �Chemical sterilization indicators

Gas Sterilization �Ethylene Oxide is a colorless gas that is flammable, explosive, and toxic. This gas penetrates paper and plastic film to kill microbes. �Sterilizer Indicator

Storage Item Closed Cabinet Open Cabinet Single wrapped items 1 week 2 days Double wrapped items 7 weeks 3 weeks Paper/plastic pouches 1 year

Common Antiseptic and Disinfectant Agents Agent Examples Common Uses Spectrum of Activity Povidone-Iodine Betadine, Iodine Chlorhexidine Nolvasan , Surgical Scrub, Hibiclens Preoperative Scrubs, wounds Preoperative Scrubs, disinfectant, do not use on open wounds Preoperative hand scrub Inanimate objects Bacteria, virus, fungi, protozoa, yeast Bacteria, virus, fungi, yeast Bacteria, some fungi Alcohol Phenols Hexachlorophene Lysol Quarternary Ammonium Chloride Aldehyde Rocal Bleach Formaldehyde Glutaraldehyde Used on inanimate objects Disinfectantf Tissue specimen Bacteria, virus, fungi, yeast Bacteria, virus Antimicrobial

Patient Preparation � Shave the area using a #40 blade and remove the shaved hair by hand or vacuum. � Surgical Scrub Start in the center of the incision area and in a circular motion working from the inside out, scrub with iodine or chlorahexadine. Then with the same technique, scrub with alcohol. Repeat this rotation 3 times. Never go back into the center of the incision area from the outside. Some clinics will spray iodine over the incision area after the surgical scrub prior to making the incision.

Sterile Fields/Sterile Packs �Sterile Fields § Patient § Personnel http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Bw. XYJOurc. OY&feature=endscreen&NR=1 �Opening a sterile Pack http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=-gg. M 1 s. Tp. Ya. M

Surgical Instruments � General parts of instruments: § boxlock – hinge § ratchet mechanism § Jaws § finger rings § Scapel blades

Surgical Instruments � Needle Holders § Mayo-Hegar § Olsen-Hegar § Mathieu � Scisssors � Operating scissors § Mayo § Metzenbaum § General surgical scissors � Non-operating scissors § Bandage scissors § Suture removal scissors § Surgical wire cutting scissors

Surgical Instruments � Thumb Forceps § Brown-Adson § Rat-Tooth tissue forceps § Adson-Hudson § Standard thumb forceps

Surgical Instruments � Tissue Forceps § Mosquito § Crile § Kelly forceps § Rochester-Pean forceps § Rochester-Carmalt § Allis tissue forceps

Surgical Instruments � Towel Forceps § Backhaus towel clamps § Jones towel clamps § Retractors q Hand-held retractors § Army-Navy retractor § Senn retractor § Spay hook

Surgical Instruments § Retractors q Self-retaining retractors § Gelpi § Weitlaner

Suture Material �Terminology § Suture § Ligature § Approximation § Tensile strength § Multifilament suture § Monofilament suture

Suture � Uses of suture material § Opposing the edges of a wound or incision § Eliminate dead space § Tightening and stabilizing joints that have sustained ligament injury § Strengthening or replacing weakened tissue § Ligating blood vessels or tissues � Suture Size Smallest-------------------------Largest 10 -0, 4 -0, 3 -0, 2 -0, 1 -0, 0. 1, 2, 3, 4

Suture � Absorbable suture § Surgical Gut § Vicryl (Polygalactin): synthetic polyester § PDS (Polydioxanone) � Nonabsorbable § Silk § Nylon § Polypropylene § Stainless steel

Suture �Suture Reaction �Infection/abscess �Inflammation �Redness �Lump over the incision site � Tissues pull apart from the suture

Suture Needles �Types of needles § Swagged on needle § Taper Point § Cutting § Reverse cutting