Artificial Oxygen Carriers By Kyla Murray BME 281

Artificial Oxygen Carriers By: Kyla Murray BME 281 Seminar, Section 1 November 28, 2012

What are AOC’s and HBOC’s? o o Artificial Oxygen Carriers are a type of red blood cell substitute Synthetic molecules that consist primarily of carbon and fluorine atoms Have the ability to dissolve significant quantities of oxygen and carbon dioxide Improve oxygen transport and oxygen unloading to the tissue o o Alternative to allogeneic* blood transfusions or to improve tissue oxygenation and function of organs with limited oxygen supply * Allogeneic meaning genetically different HBOC is a “Hemoglobin Based Oxygen Carrier” Must be approved by the FDA before clinical use because these substances are considered drugs

History of AOC/HBOC o o Late 1800’s, free hemoglobin solutions were administered Modern scientific attempts to replace human blood began in the early 1900’s HBOC’s were created in the 1930’s by Amberson Modified study by Chang in 1957 o o Companies with HBOC’S: Hem. Assist (Phase III Clinical Trials) Hemolink (Phase II Clinical Trials) Oxy. Vita (Pre-Clinical Trials)

Uses of the AOC o o o Developed for 2 main purposes: Function as alternatives to blood transfusion (avoid, reduce, and delay transfusion of allogeneic blood) Improves the tissue oxygenators of organs with poor blood supply o o NOTE: It is a Red Blood Cell Substitute, not a complete replacement. The AOC is much smaller than a red blood cell, and can travel through smaller capillaries

Benefits and Disadvantages of the AOC o o o Still going through intensive clinical trials, but plan to have/be: Long circulation half-life Long shelf life Oxygen delivered to the tissues in need Differing side effects (Flu-like symptoms or an increased risk in death/heart attack) Reasonable cost

Future of the AOC o o Pass the clinical trials Will be on the market Less of a health risk Health Care Coverage

Bibliography o o o Dickinson, Elizabeth. "Mind Meets Matter: A Look at Some Novel Materials. " Mind Meets Matter A Look at Some Novel Materials RSS. Word. Press, 27 Nov. 2010. Web. 20 Nov. 2012. <http: //blogs. dickinson. edu/mindmeetsmatter/category/artificial-bloodartificial-oxygen-carriers/>. Fleing, Joachim. "Sangui Patent for Production of Artificial Oxygen Carriers Granted. " PR News. Wire. Sangui Bio Tech International Inc. , 17 Oct. 2012. Web. 20 Nov. 2012. <http: //www. prnewswire. com/news-releases/sangui-patent-forproduction-of-artificial-oxygen-carriers-granted-174553781. html>. M. , Ashenden. "Doping with Artificial Oxygen Carriers: An Update. " National Center for Biotechnology Information. U. S. National Library of Medicine, 2004. Web. 20 Nov. 2012. <http: //www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pubmed/14987124>. Oleck, Mark. "Http: //www. aana. com/newsandjournal/Documents/henkelhanke 205211. pdf. " AANA Journal, June 2007. Web. 20 Nov. 2012. <http: //www. aana. com/newsandjournal/Documents/henkelhanke 205 -211. pdf>. Spahn, Donat. "Artificial Oxygen Carriers: Perfluorocarbon Emulsions. "Biomed. Central. com. Crit Care, 24 Sept. 1999. Web. 20 Nov. 2012. <http: //www. biomedcentral. com/content/pdf/cc 364. pdf>.