Articulations Articulations Joints Articulations Where bones MEET and

Articulations

Articulations (Joints) • Articulations – Where bones MEET and MOVE • Classified by function – Synarthrosis (Immovable) – Amphiarthrosis (slightly movable) – Diarthrosis - (synovial or freely movable joints)

Synathrosis (no movement) • Sutures – Bones of the skull

Amphiarthroses (Slightly Movable) • Fibrous joint connected by ligament – Ex. Distal articulation between tibia and fibula • Symphysis – Bones joined by disk of fibrocartilage – Ex. Vertebrae, between pubic bones • Cartilaginous – Connection between rib and sternum

Angular Movements of Diarthrotic Synovial Joints – Angular Motion • • • Flexion – reduces angle between articulating elements Extension - increases angle between articulating elements Adduction – moving towards midline Abduction – moving away from midline Circumduction – loop motion

Rotational Movements of Diarthrotic Synovial Joints • Rotational

Special Movements – – – Inversion- turns sole of foot inward (opp-eversion) Dorsiflexion- ankle flexion (plantar flexion pointed toe) Opposition – grasping (thumb/fingers toward hand) Protraction - move anterior across horizontal plane (opp retraction) Elevation – move superior (opp depression)

Structural Classification of Synovial Joints • • • Gliding – flat surfaces slide past one another – Ends of clavicles – Between carpals & tarsals – Between vertebrae Hinge – angular movement in a single direction – Occipital bone and atlas – Elbow, knee, ankle – Interphalangeal joints Pivot – permit rotation only – Atlas and axis – Proximal radius and ulna Ellipsodial – angular motion occurs in 2 planes – Radius w/proximal carpals – Phalanges w/metacarpals (and metatarsals) Saddle- permits angular motion but prevents rotation – thumb Ball and socket - round head rests within depression – Shoulder and hips

Double Jointed?

Can you do this?