Articulations AKA Joints Articulations l Where two bones
Articulations AKA Joints
Articulations l. Where two bones meet. (Joint)
Review l. Ligaments: l. Connect bone to bone l. Tendons l. Connect bone muscle to
Two ways to Categorize l Movement: l Immovable, slightly moveable, freely moveable l Tissue Type: l Fibrous, Cartilaginous, Synovial
Types of Joints Fibrous: l Joint with NO movement. (sutures in cranium) l
Types of Joints Cartilaginous: Slightly moveable joints. (vertebrate)
Types of Joints l 3. Synovial: Freely moveable (synovial joint) includes a capsule (bursa) that releases synovial fluid for lubrication.
Types of Synovial Joints Based on Shape Figure 5. 29 a–c Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Slide
1. Ball and Socket
2. Condyloid
3. Gliding Joint
4. Hinge Joint
5. Pivot Joint
6. Saddle Joint
Types of Synovial Joints Based on Shape Figure 5. 29 d–f Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Slide
Arthroscopic Surgery
TYPES l 1. Hinge: Knee and elbow l 2. Ball and Socket: ‘most moveable’ shoulder, hip. l 3. Pivot: head, radius, ulna l 4. Gliding: Carpals
Actions: l Look in your text books starting on page 157 and write a brief explanation of the following actions: l Flexion, Extension, Rotation, Abduction, Adduction.
Hormones: l. PTH l. Sex Hormones l. Calcitonin l. Human Growth Hormone
PTH l Released by: l Parathyroid l Response: l Bones release calcium into the blood stream.
Calcitonin l Released by: l Thyroid l Response: l Inhibits osteoclast activity
HGH l Released by: l Pituitary Gland l Response: l Increases Calcium retention in bones and mineralization
Sex Hormones Estrogen and Testosterone: l Secreted by: l l Testes, Ovaries Response: l Increase bone density and maturation. l
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