Article III Section 1 SCOTUS Justices appointed by

Article III • Section 1 – SCOTUS • Justices appointed by POTUS, confirmed by Senate – “good behavior” = life term » Pay cannot be reduced – Lower courts created by Congress – Judiciary Act of 1801

Article III • Section 2 – Federal courts • Interpret Congressional laws • Disputes among states, citizens of different states, and between states and federal government • Only hear cases where someone is actually harmed – Not an advisory body

Article IV • Section 1 – Full Faith and Credit • State laws and court orders must be respected in various states • Section 2 – States cannot discriminate against citizens of other states • Fugitives may be extradited

Article IV • Section 3 – New states admitted by Congress • One state may not make a new state • Two states (or parts) may not make without consent of state legislatures and Congress • (states admitted as equals = precedent) • Congress has power to regulate territories • Section 4 – “Guarantee Clause” states have republican government – Congress has power/obligation to protect states from invasion (foreign or uprisings) • States may request federal help

Article V

Article VI • “Supremacy Clause” – When state law conflicts with federal law, federal law prevails • aka: “doctrine of preemption” • Federal and state officials must obey the US Constitution – No religious test

Article VII • 9 states needed to ratify