ARTHROPODS Three Important characteristics Jointed appendages Segmented bodies

ARTHROPODS

Three Important characteristics � Jointed appendages � Segmented bodies � Chitin exoskeleton Arthro = “joint” Poda = “foot”

“Crunching” Arthropods? � Strong exoskeleton composed of chitin (type of protein) OR calcium carbonate

Nitrogen Waste… � Terrestrial: use Malpighian tubules � Aquatic: use Green Glands *Act like kidneys to filter & remove toxic nitrogen from the system

SUBPHYLUM UNIRAMIA

Flies Eyes (say that 5 times fast ) � Simple Eyes: Sense light and dark (like ocelli) � Compound Eyes: Have multiple lenses (up to 2000!); can see images from multiple angles

Examples… Centipedes � Millipedes � Insects (flies, bees, ants) �

Separate individuals dependant on others for various jobs � Ex. Collecting food, defence, etc � Can fly! � 3 pairs of walking legs � Unique Features for Movement Insect Societies

� Carnivores � 1 pair legs per segment � Feed on detritus � 2 pairs legs per segment Centipedes Millipedes

THREE main body parts � Head � Thorax � abdomen

Feeding Proboscis used to sip nectar from plants � Thin mouth parts pierce host’s skin � Sucks blood (parasitic) � Mosquito Butterfly

Pheromones � Chemicals affecting behaviour/development � Can be used to indicate trail to food source

Bee Dances � Shows others type, direction and distance to food � ROUND DANCE: source of food <50 m from hive � WAGGLE DANCE: source of food >50 m from hive

SUBPHYLUM CHELICERATA

Examples… � Spiders � Scorpions � Mites � Ticks

Making silk � Glands in abdomen liquid silk pushed through SPINNERETS

Chelicerate Structures Main body parts: Cephalothorax & Abdomen � Mouthparts: Chelicerae (adapted for different purposes) and Pedipalps (longer than chelicerae) �

Spiders � Hollow chelicerae � Inject VENOM into prey � Produce silk

Mites & Ticks � Most parasitic � Small chelicerae pierce skin of host

Scorpions � Pedipalps enlarged into CLAWS � Segmented abdomen has venomous barb at tip

SUBPHYLUM CRUSTACEA

Examples… � Pill bugs � Crayfish � Lobster � Crab

Body parts � Exoskeleton (made of chitin) � 2 pairs of antennae � Mandibles (mouthparts)

Antennae � “Feelers” to detect movement using sensory hairs � Some are adapted for feeding

Features on Abdomen Feathery “gills (filter feeding) � Large claws � Walking legs or swimmerets � Paddle like tail �