Armies Life Confederates wore a cotton gray or

Armies’ Life

*Confederates wore a cotton gray or blue jackets that were hand-dyed. *They also had sky blue dyed pants held up by their suspenders. *The pin on their collar displayed their rank. Confederate’s Uniforms

*They also had wool socks and vests. *Cotton shirts *Ankle-high boots Confederate’s Uniforms (continued)

*Wool blue jackets with their sky-blue pants like the Confederates. *The number of buttons on their jacket displayed their rank. *Loose flannel sack coat hung at mid thigh. Union’s Uniforms

*Their leather boots were very heavy. *Blue forage cap and a over coat with a cape. *Also had wool socks and pull over shirts. Union’s Uniforms (continued)

*They all carried many things. *Some of things were Soldiers Bible, sewing kit, mess kits, socks, chewing tobacco, stationery, journal and pencils, pipe, shaving kit, comb and brush, tooth brush, and soap. *Union soldiers carried a gum blanket and a thick wool blanket. Things All Soldiers Carried

*They had 5 or 6 men in a tent held up by metal poles. *Tents were used in Summer, Spring, and Autumn. *Cabins were used in the Winter. Confederate Camp Life

*They had their slaves cook their meals. *Food shortages weren’t a problem until later in the war. *With people who managed to sneak it, alcohol was a huge problem. Confederate Camp Life (continued)

Confederate Camp Life (continued) *A lot of the time people wrote letters home. *Boredom became a problem on ALL camps. *With boredom came the mischief.

*¾ of time they weren’t even in battle. *Day started at 5 A. M. in the summer. *Day started at 6 A. M. in the Winter. Confederate Camp Life (continued)

*Most armies were forced to live off the land at some point. *Diseases became very serious. *Death started becoming a part of everyday life. Confederate Camp Life (continued)

*A lot of things were done excessively. *Some things include card playing, swearing, fighting, and drunkenness. *A new recruit wrote that it was the most he ever seen. Confederate Camp Life (continued)

Union Camp Life *A lot like confederates with tents and cabins. *Food was a similar problem on the Union side, fine until towards the end. *Fed very well when it was possible.

*A lot of the problems were shared on both sides. *Boredom was a big one. *Alcohol wasn’t as big. Union Camp Life (continued)

*Often wrote letters home. *Overall there was not much to do. *Life was similar on both sides. Union Camp Life (continued)

*The South was NOT big on factories. *Had plenty of food in the beginning due to a lot of agriculture. *Depended on Europe a lot for military needs. Confederate’s Supplies

*They tried to bring back rebellious Southern states. *Tried to do this so it wasn’t a lot of fighting for cash crops. *Tried to limit Confederate’s supplies also. Union’s Supplies

*Had their own manufacturing supplies. *Destroyed part of the South’s supplies. Union’s Supplies (continued)

*Colt 45 revolver or “Peacemaker” was sold to the South until the war was started. *Cook and Brother Carbine was slow to reload but allowed the South to have a good carbine. *Le. Mat revolver(Grape Shot Revolver) held 9 -shots with a second barrel that shot a 16 gauge shotgun round.

*Cook and Brother allowed the South to have a small rifle. *The Le. Mat revolver allowed the South to shoot rapidly.

*“Repeater” rifles with Miniѐ bullet were quicker to reload and more accurate. *Colt 45 was the most popular and standard pistol for the Union. *Sharps Carbine was one of the most popular rifles (100, 000) gave people the nickname “Sharpshooter”

*Gatling Gun was one of the most deadly weapons, it could shoot 350 -400 rounds per minute by cranking it.

*Repeaters scared the South because of the accuracy and quickness. *Miniѐ bullets were said to kill more than 200, 000 people and wound more than 400, 000. Thought to account for 90% of deaths in the Civil War due to the hollow points.

*Colt 45 impacted the North by supplying them with over 300, 000 revolvers. *“Abe Lincoln may have freed all men, but Sam Colt made them equal. ” *Eli Whitney Jr. helped make Colt’s before the war.

*Sharps Carbine allowed for a $30 rifle that was accurate up to 600 yards. 80, 000 were in the Civil War. Teddy Roosevelt used one for hunting. *Gatling Gun was expensive but allowed them a extremely fast gun.

Prison Camps

Conditions of Confederate Prison Camps *They were very crowded, poorly managed, and disease-ridden. *The prison camps were usually located in damp swamp-like areas which caused many of the diseases. *Some of the first prisoners were aloud to play baseball in the prison camps large yards.

*In Illinois inmates darkened their skin with charcoal. *But by far Tunneling was the most popular way to escape. *The most famous tunnel was called the “Great Yankee Tunnel”, and with that 109 Union prisoners escaped; but over half were later recaptured. *From that if you attempted to escape you were very severe. Conditions Continued

*Like the Confederate prison camps they were very crowded, poorly managed, and disease- ridden. *The prisoners had to sleep outside in tents and they were all full. *In Johnson’s Island prison the inmates formed a YMCA, (which was a way that they passed time). Conditions of Union Prison camps

Treatment for Confederate prisoners *Black prisoners were subjects to harsh punishments and even execution (they were treated way harsher than white prisoners). *The prisoners were feed things like pickled beef, salted pork, corn meal, or bean soup. *They were also given very little warmth.

Treatment for Prisoners in The Union *Hungry prisoners would hunt rats and they made a sport of it. *The starvation and poor sanitation inflamed outbursts of many diseases like smallpox, typhoid, dysentery, cholera, and malaria, also sores that were left untreated lead to a disease that only could be cured by amputation. *Some prisoners new they were never leaving so they elected suicide and also taunted guards to just shot them.

Andersonville *Was located in Georgia. *Covered over 16 and a half acres of land. *Held many prisoners.

Andersonville *Many prisoners looked like skeletons, and by that the Northerns were shocked and horrified. *Also housed nearly 33, 000 men. *Also they used open sewers and 13, 000 people died from diseases it caused.

*Ulysses engineered a stunning victory at the Battle of Vicksburg. *He was very good at strategizing. *Ulysses always retraced his steps to find Things.

*He was a very avid listener. *He later became the 18 th U. S. President. *He graduated 21 st out of 39 people from West Point College.

*He was born on April 27 th, 1822. *He was born in Georgetown, Ohio. *His real name was Hiram (he changed his name when he went to West Point).

*He was the first Union General. *He is most remembered for his loss at the First Battle of Bull Run. *He was a very energetic leader.

*He most famous campaign was the Peninsula Campaign. *He received an early education in France. *He also graduated from West Point College in 1838 (he graduated 23 rd of 45 in his class).

*He served in the military for 27 years. *He suffered losses at both of the Battles of Bull Run. *He was responsible for the safety of Capital Hill during the Civil War. *

Confederacy Generals

Robert Edward Lee ØBorn January 19, 1807 and was the 4 th child. ØLight horse Harry was his dad Ø 5 ft 11 with broad shoulders and brown eyes

ØOne of the most famous generals. ØVery popular and loved by everyone ØAffective General through the civil war and won many battles Robert E. Lee

Remembered for most ØAlways remembered for writing George Washington a bad check ØHad 2 strokes ØTop general in the confederacy

Strengths and Weaknesses ØHad many tactics and inspired others ØDidn’t have relationship with the army ØNot a strategist, over confident, and aggressive at times

Campaign ØPeninsula campaign turned confederate. ØWas turned at Second Bull Run and Fredericksburg ØA disaster for the Union and a helping hand to the confederacy

Thomas Jonathan Jackson ØBorn May 2, 1863 at Chancellorsville ØScottish-Irish man that's 5 ft 11 ½ with blue eyes and dark brown hair ØHated the idea of war.

Stonewall Jackson ØMost famous Confederacy general ØLiked by everyone ØMost effective general

Remembered for most ØHe got his nickname from the 1 st Battle of Bull Run ØStole $170 ØWas in jail for 6 years

Strengths and Weaknesses ØClose with all his men ØEncouraged the men to fight and boosted confidence ØDidn’t get very much sleep

ØShenandoah Valley campaign was the spring of 1862 ØTook place in Virginia through the American War Ø 17, 000 of Jackson’s men marched 646 miles in 48 days Campaign