ARGOS SYSTEM PRESENTATION CNES Responses to CLS User

ARGOS SYSTEM PRESENTATION - CNES • Responses to CLS User survey • Synthesis of NOAA User consultation • Anticipated Argos-4 needs • ARGOS-3 : • * System Heritage • * Commissioning • ARGOS-4 System : Preliminary Overview DBCP Workshop October 2006 ARGOS-4 CNES

RESPONSES TO CLS USER SURVEY DBCP Workshop October 2006 ARGOS-4 CNES

SURVEY CONTEXT 1604 surveyed customers DBCP Workshop October 2006 238 replies Replies per application ARGOS-4 CNES

USER SATISFACTION Biologists Argos services GLOBAL Meteo/Ocean DBCP Workshop October 2006 Client support ARGOS-4 CNES

ARGOS SYSTEM METEO / OCEAN (1/2) Global Main users DBCP Workshop October 2006 Main users ARGOS-4 CNES

SYNTHESIS OF NOAA USER CONSULTATION DBCP Workshop October 2006 ARGOS-4 CNES

QUESTIONNAIRE • Argos DCS study report was issued on december 7, 2005 • Questionnaire was issued to 33 people • 20 responses received : – – – 5 ocean 11 biologists 4 DCP manufacturers DBCP Workshop October 2006 • • Distribution and Coverage • Link Reliability • Throughput • Geolocation • Portability • Future Tradeoffs § How many DCPs? Where? § § § How often transmit/receive to each DCP? Latency requirements? Direct read-out? § § Importance for transmit Importance for receive § How much data on each transmit / receive? Timeliness § § Use of Doppler geolocation Use of GPS § § Antenna size? Volume and mass? ARGOS-4 CNES

CONCLUSIONS • Survey responses indicate that next-generation of Argos DCS should focus on – Improving DCP transmit performance: increased data volumes with reduced size, mass and power – Improve Doppler geolocation to < 150 m with a target of <50 m • • An order-of-magnitude improvement in data volumes and cost would make Argos DCS attractive to a new class of users Argos system is not adapted to applications generating large amount of data per hour DBCP Workshop October 2006 ARGOS-4 CNES

ANTICIPATED ARGOS-4 NEEDS DBCP Workshop October 2006 ARGOS-4 CNES

NUMBER OF ACTIVE PLATFORMS IN THE SYSTEM Average growth > 12% per year DBCP Workshop October 2006 ARGOS-4 CNES

NEED FOR ADDITIONAL CAPACITY Need for more than 15 Erlang capacity DBCP Workshop October 2006 ARGOS-4 CNES

ARGOS USER NEEDS FOR ARGOS 4 • KEEP COMPATIBILITY WITH ARGOS-2 & ARGOS-3 PMTs • INCREASE AUTONOMY & REDUCE SIZE - Tx power drain decrease: factor 2 - Rx power drain : constant for increased capacity - Size & weight decrease : factor 2 • INCREASE DCP DENSITY: - Doubled number of platforms among which 25% are @ 4800 bps - Increase data volume transmission per pass : up to 100 kb per pass • IMPROVE LOCATION : 50 to 150 m • BETTER TIME RESPONSE : Average < 30 min • INCREASE DOWNLINK DATA VOLUME : > 1, 2 kbps DBCP Workshop October 2006 ARGOS-4 CNES

SATELLITE TRANSITION SCHEDULE DBCP Workshop October 2006 ARGOS-4 CNES

ARGOS-4 SYSTEM: PRELIMINARY OVERVIEW (1/10) • BASIC SYSTEM CONSTELLATION - Reference constellation: NOAA-K, L, M & N NPOESS-C 1, C 2 and METOP (3 main guaranteed orbits) * at equator Average time response (min) Maximum Hole per day (hours*) 55 2. 5 < MH < 4. 7 66 2. 9 <MH <3. 7 DBCP Workshop October 2006 ARGOS-4 CNES

ARGOS-4 SYSTEM: PRELIMINARY OVERVIEW (2/10) • IMPROVEMENT IDEAS - Satellite orbit control NPOESS-C 1, C 2 and METOP + 1 equatorial orbit satellite * at equator Average time response (min) Maximum Hole perday day(hours*) (hours) per 55 2. 5 < MH < 4. 7 66 2. 9 <MH <3. 7 30 1. 6 < MH < 1. 7 DBCP Workshop October 2006 ARGOS-4 CNES

ARGOS-4 SYSTEM: PRELIMINARY OVERVIEW (3/10) • IMPROVEMENT IDEAS - Satellite orbit control NPOESS-C 1, C 2 and METOP + 2 equatorial orbit satellites * at equator Average time response (min) Maximum Hole per day (hours*) 55 2. 5 < MH < 4. 7 66 2. 9 <MH <3. 7 30 1. 6 < MH < 1. 7 14 0. 7 < MH < 0. 8 DBCP Workshop October 2006 ARGOS-4 CNES

ARGOS-4 SYSTEM: PRELIMINARY OVERVIEW ARGOS 3 Data throughput • STD + NG/400 bps: low power Tx • HD/4800 bps: 10 msgs - 50 kbits per pass Tx power: 5 W ARGOS 4 Data throughput Capacity: • STD + NG/400 bps: low power Tx • 12 processing units (3 HD) • HD/4800 bps: 30 msgs -140 kbits per pass • 110 k. Hz frequency bandwidth Tx power: 3 W Two-way link (400 bps) DBCP Workshop October 2006 Capacity: • 40 processing units (10 HD) • 400 k. Hz frequency bandwidth (TBC) • Processor speed x 30 Two-way link (3 x 400 bps TBC) ARGOS-4 CNES

ARGOS-4 SYSTEM: PRELIMINARY OVERVIEW • ARGOS-4 PLANNING (TBC): - System study until spring of 2007 Phase A study: until end of 2007 Phase B: beginning of 2008 First Flight Model provided in 2011 DBCP Workshop October 2006 ARGOS-4 CNES