are what pass inherited traits from parents to
- Slides: 111
. _________ are what pass inherited traits from parents to their children. A. nuclei B. chromosomes C. genes D. phenotypes 1
And the answer is… C. genes
________ was the scientist who first studied pea plants to learn more about heredity. A. Mendel B. Einstien C. Gregory D. Fischel 2
And the answer is… A. Mendel
If both genes for a trait are the same, the offspring is called: A. purebred B. hybrid C. recessive D. dominant 3
And the answer is… A. purebred
Using a Punnett square, what is the probability of a purebred hamster with light fur(dominant) and purebred hamster with dark fur of having offspring with light fur? A. one of four B. two of four C. three of four D. four of four 4
And the answer is… D. four of four
How many chromosomes do humans have? A. 19 B. 23 C. 39 D. 46 5
And the answer is… D. 46
A jewelry store was robbed. While breaking open one of the glass display cases, the robber was cut. They left blood behind at the scene of the crime. The sample was sent to the lab. The police thought that it was one of three people that may be guilty of the crime. A sample of each of the suspects DNA was collected and sent to the lab as well. Police then received the diagram shown in the report from the lab. Based on the DNA left at the crime scene, which suspect is most likely guilty? A. Suspect 1 B. Suspect 2 C. Suspect 3 6
And the answer is… B. Suspect 2
What term means the smallest unit that is able to perform the basic functions of life? 7
And the answer is… cells
Which organelle produces most of the energy needed by a cell? A. mitochondria B. chloroplasts C. ribosomes D. Golgi bodies 8
And the answer is… A. mitochondria
In what type of cells would you expect to find a lot of mitochondria? A. skin cells B. blood cells C. bone cells D. muscle cells 9
And the answer is… D. muscle cells
Which structure listed is responsible for direction of all of the cell’s activities? A. A B. B C. C D. D 10
And the answer is… D. D
What term means a structure that is made up of different tissues working together to perform a particular function? 11
And the answer is… organ
What term means an individual living thing made up of one or many cells that is capable of growing and reproducing? 12
And the answer is… organism
What term means a group of similar cells that are organized to do a specific job? 13
And the answer is… tissue
Two forms of the same gene are known as A. Alleles B. Chromosomes C. Genotypes D. Sex cells 14
And the answer is… A. Alleles
Long, thin fibers that carry information that controls the cell’s activities are A. Nucleic acids B. Dominant traits C. Recessive traits D. chromosomes 15
And the answer is… D. chromosomes
If you cross a white flower (with genotype pp) with a purple flower (with the genotype PP), the possible genotypes and phenotypes possible are A. PP B. Pp C. Purple flowers D. White flowers E. A and B only F. B and C only G. A , B and C only H. A, B, C and D only 16
And the answer is… F. B and C only
The passing of traits from parents to offspring is A. probability B. heredity C. recessive D. meiosis 17
And the answer is… B. heredity
B is for brown eyes and b is for blue eyes. Cross a heterozygous with a homozygous recessive. What is the percentage of the offspring that are heterozygous? A. 25% B. 50 % C. 75% D. 0% 18
And the answer is… B. 50 %
H is for hairy fingers and h is for non-hairy fingers. Cross a heterozygous with a heterozygous. What are the phenotypes and genotypes? A. HH, hairy fingers B. Hh non-hairy fingers C. hh, non-hairy fingers D. Hh, hairy fingers E. A and B only F. B and D only G. A, B and C only H. A, B and D only I. A, C, and D only 19
And the answer is… I. A, C, and D only
If you cross two rabbits that have the genotype Bb, what are the possible genotypes for the offspring? A. BB B. bb C. Bb D. b. B E. A and B only F. A, B and C only G. A, B and D only H. A, C and D only I. B, C and D only J. A, B, C and D only 20
And the answer is… F. A, B and C only Phenotype unknown, only genotypes shown in Punnett square
Mutations are changes in A. DNA B. The cell cycle C. t. RNA D. Proteins 21
And the answer is… A. DNA
What is the part of a chromosome that carries information for a specific trait called? A. Nucleic acid B. Gene C. Genotype D. Phenotype 22
And the answer is… B. Gene
A zygote is A. A male reproductive cell B. A female reproductive cell C. A newly formed cell after the union of a sperm and egg D. Both male and female reproductive cells 23
And the answer is… C. A newly formed cell after the union of a sperm and egg
Identify the statement that best states the difference between dominant and recessive traits. A. Recessive traits show up more often than dominant traits. B. Recessive traits show up as often as dominant traits. C. Recessive traits show up less often than dominant traits. D. Recessive and dominant traits are the same. 24
And the answer is… C. Recessive traits show up less often than dominant traits.
What percentage of pea plants showed the dominant phenotype? A. 100 % B. 75 % C. 50 % D. 25 % 25
And the answer is… B. 75 % 12 of the 16 total
What percentage of pea plants showed the recessive phenotype? A. 100 % B. 75% C. 50% D. 25% 26
And the answer is… D. 25% 4 of the 16 total
What is the genotype of the dwarf pea plants? A. DD B. Dd C. dd D. Cannot tell 27
And the answer is… C. dd
What are the possible genotypes of the regular pea plants? A. DD and dd B. DD and Dd C. Dd and dd D. cannot tell 28
And the answer is… B. DD and Dd
Which statement is true, based on the data in the chart? A. If both parents were Dd, then none of the offspring would be dwarf. B. If both parents were DD, then none of the offspring would be dwarf. C. If one parent were Dd and the other were dd, then none of the offspring would be regular. D. If one parent were DD and the other parent were dd, then none of the offspring would be regular. 29
And the answer is… B. If both parents were DD, then none of the offspring would be dwarf.
What are the genotypes of the parents? A. Dd and dd B. DD and Dd C. Dd and Dd D. dd and dd 30
And the answer is… C. Dd and Dd Both are heterozygous/hybrid
T is for thin lips and t is for full lips. Cross a homozygous dominant with a heterozygous. Identify the percentage of offspring with thin lips and the correct genotypes for thin lips. Choose all that apply. A. TT B. Tt C. 50% D. 100% 31
And the answer is… A , B, and D
A population of mice is evenly divided into two groups, and each group is placed on an isolated island with no existing mouse population. Which statement best explains the difference in the mouse populations on Island A and Island B at the end of 20 years? A. On Island A, the allele for gray fur was dominant, while on Island B, the allele for brown fur was dominant. B. More brown mice were in the half of the original population that was sent to Island B than in the group sent to Island A. C. Conditions on Island B favored the brown-furred individuals, while both fur colors were evenly advantaged on Island A. D. The recapturing of mice on Island A and Island B was done differently. 32
And the answer is… C. Conditions on Island B favored the brown-furred individuals, while both fur colors were evenly advantaged on Island A.
Genes are sequences of DNA, which are made up of A. Nucleotides B. Chromosomes C. Phosphates D. Ribosomes 33
And the answer is… A. Nucleotides
The base sequence of nucleotides in a DNA strand that compliments the DNA base sequence ACGAT is A. TGCTA B. ACGAT C. CGCTA D. TGCAT 34
And the answer is… A. TGCTA
In a plant that has red flowers, red flower color, R, is completely dominant to white flower color, r. If the plant is heterozygous for flower color, which alleles will be carried by the gametes it produces? A. R and r B. R only C. r only D. Rr only 35
And the answer is… A. R and r
In pigeons, the allele for normal feathers (F) is dominant to the allele for frizzy feathers (f). If a purebred, normal-feathered bird (FF) is crossed with a frizzy-feathered (ff) bird how many different feather phenotypes are possible in the offspring? A. B. C. D. 1 2 3 4 36
And the answer is… A. 1
In humans, the allele for unattached earlobes (L) is dominant to the allele for attached earlobes (l). Based on the diagram, an offspring with attached earlobes is indicated in A. Box 1 B. Box 4 C. Boxes 2 and 3 D. Boxes 1, 2, and 3 37
And the answer is… B. Box 4
Which is an example of an acquired trait? A. Eye color B. Hair color C. Blood type D. Ability to read 38
And the answer is… D. Ability to read
A human female would have which set of sex chromosomes? A. XX B. YY C. XY D. Xx. Yy 39
And the answer is… A. XX
If one copy of a dominant allele is present in a genotype for a trait, then the trait is A. Expressed in the phenotype B. Not expressed in the phenotype C. Partially expressed in the phenotype D. Not expressed in an offspring’s phenotype 40
And the answer is… A. Expressed in the phenotype
In guinea pigs, the allele for black fur (B) is dominant, and the allele for brown fur (b) is recessive. If a BB male mates with a Bb female, what percentage of offspring are likely to have black fur? A. 100 percent B. 75 percent C. 50 percent D. 25 percent 41
And the answer is… A. 100 percent
Genetic engineering involves A. Inserting changed DNA into an organism B. Cross-breeding plants C. Testing new medicines for genetic diseases D. Using x-rays to change DNA 42
And the answer is… A. Inserting changed DNA into an organism
If one parent has two dominant alleles and another parent has two recessive alleles, the offspring will have A. The recessive phenotype B. The dominant phenotype C. Two dominant alleles D. Two recessive alleles 43
And the answer is… B. The dominant phenotype
Cells that contain half the usual number of chromosomes are A. fertilized egg cells B. gametes C. alleles D. diploid cells 44
And the answer is… B. gametes
Proteins are made up of a sequence of A. Chromosomes B. Amino acids C. Nucleotides D. Base pairs 45
And the answer is… B. Amino acids
The process that produces haploid (1 n) cells is known as A. Mitosis B. Reproduction C. Meiosis D. Fertilization 46
And the answer is… C. Meiosis
What happens when fertilization occurs? A. Two 2 n cells combine in a new cell B. Two 1 n cells combine into a new cell C. Two 2 n daughter cells are produced D. Two 1 n daughter cells are produced 47
And the answer is… B. Two 1 n cells combine into a new cell
Which does not occur during meiosis? A. Four haploid daughter cells are produced. B. Two diploid daughter cells are produced. C. Only cells that are gametes are produced. D. Daughter cells are produced that contain half the chromosomes of the parent cell. 48
And the answer is… B. Two diploid daughter cells are produced.
What happens during replication? A. DNA is copied. B. RNA is copied. C. Ribosomes are made D. Proteins are made. 49
And the answer is… A. DNA is copied.
Which base is found only in RNA? A. Thymine B. Guanine C. Thymine D. Uracil 50
And the answer is… D. Uracil
The main function of m. RNA in protein synthesis is to A. Transfer amino acids to a ribosome B. Carry proteins to the ribosome C. Transcribe genes from DNA D. Connect nucleotides together 51
And the answer is… C. Transcribe genes from DNA
Which is a known cause of genetic mutations? A. Poor nutrition B. Malaria C. UV radiation D. Cancer 52
And the answer is… C. UV radiation
A pedigree shows A. How proteins are synthesized B. How members of a family are related C. Where mutations are located in a sequence of DNA D. Which triplet of bases matches up with a particular amino acid. 53
And the answer is… B. How members of a family are related
The main goal of the Human Genome Project was to A. Find cures for genetic diseases B. Find all mutations in human DNA C. Count the number of genes in human DNA D. Sequence all DNA on human chromosomes 54
And the answer is… D. Sequence all DNA on human chromosomes
The DNA profiles represent four different individuals. Which of the following statements is consistent with the results? A. B. C. D. E. B is the child of A and C. C is the child of A and B. D is the child of B and C. A is the child of C and D. 55
And the answer is… B. C is the child of A and B.
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