ARCH 205 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION FLOOR ROOF SYSTEMS UPPER

ARCH 205 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION FLOOR & ROOF SYSTEMS

UPPER FLOORS SYSTEM • FIRST Floor systems must transfer their loads horizontally across space to either beams and columns or to loadbearing walls.

CONCRETE BEAM Effective Beam Depth 38 mm minimum cover Beam Depth required to protect steel reinforcement from fire and corrosion. Concrete beam depth = span/16 Bevel or Chamfer Beam width

CONCRETE FLOOR SLAB TYPES • One-Way Slab • A one-way slab is uniformly thick, reinforced in one direction, and cast integrally with parallel supporting beams. • Suitable for light to moderate loads over relatively short spans of (1. 8 to 5. 5 m)

CONCRETE FLOOR SLAB TYPES • One-Way Joist Slab • A joist or ribbed slab is cast integrally with a series of closely spaced joists, which in turn are supported by a parallel set of beams. • Designed as a series of T-beams, joist slabs are more suitable for longer spans and heavier loads than one-way slabs. • Suitable for light to medium live loads over spans of (4 to 10 m)

CONCRETE FLOOR SLAB TYPES • Two-Way Slab and Beam • A two-way slab of uniform thickness may be reinforced in two directions and cast integrally with supporting beams and columns on all four sides of square or nearly square bays. • 100 minimum slab depth. • suitable for carrying intermediate to heavy loads over (4. 6 to 12 m) spans.

CONCRETE FLOOR SLAB TYPES • Two-Way Waffle Slab • A waffle slab is a two-way concrete slab reinforced by ribs in two directions. • Waffle slabs are able to carry heavier loads and span longer distances than flat slabs. • Suitable for spans of (7 to 16 m) (125 or 150) rib width (75 to 115) slab depth

CONCRETE FLOOR SLAB TYPES • Two-Way Flat Plate • A flat plate is a concrete slab of uniform thickness reinforced in two or more directions and supported directly by columns without beams or girders. • Simplicity of forming, lower floor-tofloor heights, and some flexibility in column placement make flat plates practical for apartment and hotel construction. • Suitable for light live to moderate loads over relatively short spans of (3. 6 to 7 m)

CONCRETE FLOOR SLAB TYPES • Two-Way Flat Slab • A flat slab is a flat plate thickened at its column supports to increase its shear strength and moment-resisting capacity. Suitable for relatively heavy loads and spans from (6 to 12 m).

CONCRETE SLAB FORMWORK AND SHORING

CONCRETE SLAB FORMWORK AND SHORING Knee brace Plywood/metal sheathing Blocking Kickers Stringers Support for Beam Formwork Wood shores Adjustable Wood/Metal shores Bracing on shores Metal/wood joists

LIFT-SLAB CONSTRUCTION • Lift-slab construction is a technique of constructing multistory buildings in which all horizontal slabs are cast at ground level and, when cured, are raised into position by hydraulic jacks.

STRUCTURAL STEEL FLOOR • One way beam system • Typical span range for beams is (6 to 10 m). Beams Girders Columns

STRUCTURAL STEEL FLOOR • Two-Way Beam System Secondary Beams Primary Beams Columns

OPEN-WEB JOISTS • Open-web joists are lightweight, shop-fabricated steel members having a trussed web. Ceiling can be either attached to the bottom of the joist or suspended or left without ceiling. Passage of mechanical services through the open web