Aranese education Revisiting reanalyzing and redefining research on

Aranese education Revisiting, reanalyzing and redefining research on linguistic diversity: education, policy and media Guillem Pujades guillempujades@gmail. com Ciemen – Learn. Me Mercator Project Stockholm, 9 May 2014

Summary 1. Aranese geographic and political background History, society 2. Aran: language and society Languages, legal status, and use 3. Education system in the Aran Valley Education in Catalonia, linguistic project, Aranese reality 4. The case of the IES Aran Use of languages, competences, project evaluation 5. Conclusions

1. Aranese geographic and political background Aranese government building and monument to the Occitan language

1. 1. Era Val d’Aran • Located in the Pyrenees, NW Catalonia. • Autonomous territory in Catalonia. • Culturally an Occitan Land. • Some data: – Area: – Population 2013: – Density: 633. 60 km² 10, 090 people 15. 9 inhab. /km 2 – Capital: Vielha 5, 600 people

1. 2. Legal recognition of Aranese people • Origin in the Middle Ages: era Querimonia, 14 th century • Aranese autonomy depending on Catalan self-government Conselh Generau, Síndic, Plen • Catalan Statute of Autonomy, 1979 • Catalan law 16/1990, regarding Aran self-government • Statute of Autonomy, 2006 Occitan, known as Aranese in Aran, is the language of this region and is official in Catalonia.

1. 3. Linguistic policy regarding Aranese • Catalonia recognizes 3 official languages: Catalan (own) Occitan (own in Aran, called there Aranese) Spanish (official in Spain) • Linguistic laws: Linguistic Normalization law 7/1983 Language Policy law 1/1998 Law regarding occitan language 25/2010 • European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages

2. Aran: language and society Aranese street signs written in own language

2. 1. Aranese: Occitan language • Occitan language, official in Catalonia • Regional language in France and Italy • Academy: Institut d’Estudis Aranesi: • Rules • Particularities • Unity

2. 2. Officiality Source: EULP 2008

2. 2. Officiality Source: EULP 2008

2. 3. Population and languages Source: EULP 2008

2. 3. Population and languages Source: EULP 2008

2. 4. Languages and media Source: EULP 2008

3. Education system in the Aran Valley School books in Aranese

3. 1. Languages in education • Education in Catalonia: conjunction model • Aim: mastery of Catalan, Spanish and a 3 rd language (foreign). In Aran: + occitan and a 2 nd foreign language • Languages in education: • Pre-school: Aranese • Elementary school: Aranese + CAT + ESP + 1 st FL (+ 2 nd FL) • Secondary school: Aranese + CAT + ESP + 2 FL • Linguistic project of the center: Adaptation to the sociolinguistic reality to reach the aims regarding the acquisition of languages.

3. 2. Languages at home Source: Estudi generau sus immigracion e lenguas enes escòles dera Val d’Aran. Conselh Generau d’Aran

4. The case of Secondary School IES Aran The Secondary School of the Aran Valley.

4. 1. The Secondary School IES Aran Linguistic project of the center • Aranese is the language of the center Students must master the 3 official languages and 2 foreign languages • 2 hours for each official language every week In Aranese: common linguistic structures • Languages used established for non-linguistic subjects

4. 1. Secondary school, mandatory subjects 2 nd year: 26 h 1 st year: 27 h Catalan Spanish Aranese Foreign language Natural sciences Social sciences Music Mathematics Technology Sport Religion ARA ARA ARA CAT 2 hours 3 hours 3 hours 2 hours Catalan Spanish Aranese Foreign language Natural sciences Social sciences Plastic art Mathematics Technology Sport Religion ARA ARA CAT CAT 2 hours 3 hours 2 hours

4. 1. Secondary school, mandatory subjects 4 th year 3 rd year Catalan Spanish Aranese Foreign language Natural sciences Social sciences Music Mathematics Technology Sport Religion ESP CAT ARA ARA CAT 2 hours 3 hours 1 hour 3 hours 2 hours Catalan Spanish Aranese Foreign language Natural sciences Social sciences Plastic art Mathematics Technology Sport Religion ESP CAT ARA CAT 2 hours 3 hours 1 hour 3 hours 2 hours

4. 2. Optional subjects 1 st year 1 h mandatory: Catalan language + Theater in French 1 h mandatory: Reading (language not specified) 1 h: French as 2 nd foreign language OR Speaking in English OR learning strategies (not specified) 2 nd year 1 h: Management of the library in Catalan OR Speaking in English 2 h: 2 h French as 2 nd foreign language OR 1 h Reading in Spanish + 1 h Learn Aranese playing

4. 2. Optional subjects 3 rd year 1 h mandatory: Speaking in English 1 h French as 2 nd foreign language OR Catalan speaking and writing 4 th year 1 h: Reinforcing Maths OR writing a NP Aranese OR speaking in English 3 h of speciality: Biomedical: Technology: Artistic: Humanistic: Physics / Chemistry – Biology / Geology – French / Infomatics Physics Chemistry – Technology – French / Infomatics Technology – Informatics – French / Plastic arts Latin – Music / Informatics – French / Plastic arts

4. 3. Social reality of the IES Aran • 28% of foreigners: Bolivia, Ecuador and Romania • Immigration descended last year • Non-Aranese students from Catalonia, Galicia and Spain • Tourist area: students come at winter • Difficulties: • Hard to find Aranese specialists. Solution: learning courses • Books in Aranese are promoted especially for elementary levels • The Secondary School has an ‘Aula d’acollida’ – Welcoming class

4. 4. Linguistic competences – IES Aran Source: IES Aran

4. 4. Linguistic competences – IES Aran Source: IES Aran

4. 4. Linguistic competences – IES Aran Source: IES Aran

4. 4. Linguistic competences – IES Aran Source: IES Aran

4. 4. Linguistic competences – IES Aran Source: IES Aran

4. 5. Evaluation of the linguistic project • Positive evaluation for Aranese promotion. • The project is useful and should be supported further. • It ensures the knowledge of Aranese and official languages. • The project is accepted and promoted by all teachers. • Welcoming class: introduction to the Aranese social reality.

5. Conclusions 1. Cultural and historical particularity of Aranese is recognized by law. 2. Occitan language is not the first language in Aran Valley. 3. School system is adapted to the sociolingustic reality of Aran. 4. Education system in Aranese teaches the 3 official languages in Aran. 5. Linguistic results are similar to the catalan average except for French.

FÒRÇA GRÀCIES THANK YOU TANKEWOL MOLTES GRÀCIES DIOLCH YN FAWR KÖSZÖNJÜK KIITOS Guillem Pujades guillempujades@gmail. com www. ciemen. cat