Aquatic Ecosystem fresh water ecosystem pond ecosystem lake

Aquatic Ecosystem - fresh water ecosystem Ø pond ecosystem Ø lake ecosystem Ø river(stream) ecosystem - Salt water ecosystem Ø Ocean(marine) ecosystem Ø Estuarine ecosystem

Pond Ecosystem • Fresh water • Receives enough water during rainy season Characteristics of pond Ecosystem • Temporary • Stagnant fresh water body • Polluted easily

Structure & function of pond ecosystem Abiotic components: temperature, light, water Biotic components: 1. Producers - green photosynthesis org. (a)phytoplankton- free float on surface water. ex. algae, volvox (b) Microphytes-large floating plants. ex. Hydrilla, demna etc. 2. Consumers (a)Primary consumers(zooplankton)- small fish, protozoa etc. (b)Secondary consumers- water beetles and small fish (c)Tertiary consumers- large fish like game fish 3. Decomposers – bacteria, fungai

Lake Ecosystem • Shallow water bodies • Rainfall, melting snow & stream Types 1. Oligotrophic lakes- low nutrient 2. Eutrophic lakes- over nourishment by nutrient 3. Dystrophic lakes- low PH, high humic acid concent, brown water 4. Volcanic lakes- water from magma 5. Meromictic lakes- rich in salts 6. Artificial lakes- construction of dams

Zones of Lake 1. Littoral zone – top layer of the lake 2. Limnetic zone –penetration of solar light 3. Profundal zone – deep open water 4. Benthic zone- bottom of the lake

Characteristics of lake Ecosystem • Shallow fresh water body • Permanent water body • Helps in irrigation & drinking

Structure & function of lake ecosystem Abiotic components: temperature, light, water Biotic components: 1. Producers -free floating. ex) phytoplankton, algae 2. Consumers (a)Primary consumers(zooplankton)- small fish, protozoa etc. (b)Secondary consumers- water beetles and small fish (c)Tertiary consumers- large fish like game fish 3. Decomposers – bacteria, fungai

Salt water Ecosystems Ocean Ecosystems -High concentration of salts and minerals - Provide iron, magnesium, phosphorus, natural gas Zones of oceans 1. Coastal zone: nutrient rich shallow water 2. Open sea: deeper part of ocean • Euphotic zone – high photosynthetic activity • Bathyal zone – receive dim light • Abyssal zone – dark zone & very deep

Characteristics of Ocean Ecosystem • • Large surface area with saline water Commercial activity Rich in biodiversity Moderate the temperature of earth.

Structure & function of ocean ecosystem Abiotic components: temperature, light, water, ca & Mg Biotic components: 1. Producers -phytoplankton, marine plants 2. Consumers (a)Primary consumers- fish, crustaceans etc. (b)Secondary consumers- Herring sahd, mackerel (c)Tertiary consumers- cod, haddock etc 3. Decomposers – bacteria, fungai

Estuarine Ecosystem • Enclosed area at the mouth of a river, joins the sea. • High nutrients Characteristics of Estuarine Ecosystem - Affected by tides of the sea - Water characteristics periodically changed - Salinity high in summer & low in winter.

Structure & function of Estuarine ecosystem Abiotic components: temperature, light, Na, k Biotic components: 1. Producers -phytoplankton, marsh grasses, sea weeds 2. Consumers- small fish, oysters, crabs, seabirds 3. Decomposers – bacteria, fungai