APWH M 2019 2020 Unit 1 The Global

APWH: M 2019 -2020 Unit 1: The Global Tapestry 1. 4/1. 5 State Building in Africa and the Americas 500 B. C. E. – 1200 C. E.

I. Continental Comparisons A. Independent Agricultural Revolutions B. 250 million people, C. E. C. Differences between civilizations

II. Civilizations of Africa A. Meroë: Continuing a Nile Valley Civilization 1. Nubian Civilization 2. Meroë 3. Urban crafts, rural farming 4. Long-distance trade (by Mediterranean or camel caravans) 5. Decline of Meroë after 100 C. E.

II. Civilizations of Africa B. Axum: The Making of a Christian Kingdom 1. Axum 2. Coptic Christianity 3. Imperial expansion 4. Paralleled Eurasian developments

II. Civilizations of Africa C. Along the Niger River: Cities without States 1. Major urbanization, 300 B. C. E. – 900 C. E. 2. Jenne-jeno 3. Middle Niger cities stimulated by West African commerce

III. Civilizations of Mesoamerica A. The Maya: Writing and Warfare 1. Maya ceremonial centers 2. Well-known cultural achievements: mathematical system, calendars, writing system, architecture 3. Maya Economy: Agriculture 4. Fragmented system of city-states and kingdoms 4. Rapid collapse

III. Civilizations of Mesoamerica B. Teotihuacán: The Americas’ Greatest City 1. 3. 4. 5. Much remains unknown Deep influence on Mesoamerica Mysterious collapse ca. 650 C. E. “City of the gods”

IV. Civilizations of the Andes A. Chavín: A Pan-Andean Religious Movement 1. Ceremonial centers, 2000 – 1000 B. C. E. 2. Chavín de Huántar 3. Widespread imitation across Peru and beyond

IV. Civilizations of the Andes B. Moche: A Civilization of the Coast 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 100 – 800 C. E. Complex irrigation system Ruled by warrior-priests Superb craftsmanship of elite objects Ecological disruption in sixth century C. E.

IV. Civilizations of the Andes C. Wari and Tiwanaku: Empires of the Interior 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 400 – 1000 C. E. Large urban capitals Caravan trade Agricultural differences Little overt conflict or warfare Collapsed after 1000 C. E. ; influenced Incas