Applied Arabic Intensive DAY 2 In Arabic there

Applied Arabic Intensive DAY 2

ﺓ In Arabic there are two types of sentences: ﺓ - A sentence which starts with an ﺍﺳﻢ also known as a nominal sentence. – A sentence which starts with a ﻓﻌﻞ also known as a verbal sentence. ﺓ

ﺓ Nominal Sentence: A ﺓ consists of two parts: The first part of this sentence is called the (Subject) The second part of this sentence is called: (Information) Example 1: ﺍ – The boy is standing The first part of the sentence “ The second part of the sentence “ Example 2: ﺍ ” is called ” ﺍ is called – Zaid is sleeping The first part of the sentence “ ” is called The second part of the sentence “ ” ﺍ is called

ﺓ Nominal Sentence: A ﺓ consists of two parts: The first part of this sentence is called the The second part of this sentence is called: Both of these parts are in the state of Marfoo’ which means that they should get a dhamma ﺍ

Verbal Sentence: A consists of atleast two parts: Two compulsory parts The first part of this sentence is called (verb): The second part of this sentence is called (doer): ﺍ Additional parts*: The additional part of this sentence is called the(object) ﻩ * Verbal sentences can have more additional parts but we will learn that later.

ﺓ Verbal Sentence: A ﺓ consists of two parts + additional parts: ﺭ ﺍ Additional ﻩ Compulsory

ﺓ Verbal Sentence: The doer will always be in the state of Marfoo which means it should get a Dhamma! The object will be in the state of Mansoob which means it should get a Fatha! Example: Zaid hit Bakr ﺭ

ﻻ ﺍ ﺍ ﻻﺳﻢ States of nouns: An ﺍﺳﻢ can be of three states, so far we heave learnt two of these states: 1) Marfoo’ = Dhamma 2) Mansoob = Fatha The third state is called Majroor and this is when the word should get a Kasra! ﻻ ﺍ ﺍ ﻻﺳﻢ ـــ ﺭ ـــ

ﻻ ﺍ ﻻﺳﻢ States of nouns: So far we have learnt that the also learnt the and is always Marfoo’. We is ﺍ also in the state of dhamma(Marfoo’) We then learnt that the Object or ﻩ Mansoob (fatha). is always in the state of We will now look at other types of words and see what states they fall in to. ﺍ

ﺍ ﺍ There are five types of words which fall under this category. All the words here are in the Marfoo’ state which mean they get a dhamma! 1. Subject of a 2. ( Information) of a senstence) 3. 4. ﺍ ﺍ 5. ﺍ ﺍ ﺍ (nominal sentece) Doer of an action ( Information) of ﺍ ( nominal The of and it’s sisters. and ﺍ it’s sisters.

ﺍ States of nouns: 1. We have already discussed that the dhamma. Example 1: ﺍ ﺭ , and Example 2: ﺍ ﻡ ﺯ all ﺍ get a

ﺍ ﺍ 2. ﺍ ﺍ The word and its sisters are shown below. ﻟ When any of the above “sisters” come before a and the ﺭ to be it causes the to be Example 1: ﺍﺍ - Surely Zaid is standing Example 2 ﺍﺍﺍ - Hopefully the examination will be easy.

ﺍ ﺍ ﺍ 3. ﺍ ﺍ The word ﺍ and ﺍ some of its sisters are shown below. ﺍ When any of the above “sisters” come before a and the ﺭ to be ﺍ it causes the to be Example 1: ﻓ ﺍ The ﺍ house was new Example 2 ﺍ ﺍﻟ ﺍ The man became rich

ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﻮﺑﺎﺕ These words are in the “fatha state”. 1. ﻩ The word in which an action takes place 2. ﻩ A word which denotes a time or place in which an action takes place. 3. A word which emphasises an action. 4. ﺍ ﺍ 5. ﺍ ﺍ ( Information) of ﺍ The of and it’s sisters. and ﺍ it’s sisters.

ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺼﻮﺑﺎﺕ 1. ﻩ We have already discussed the Object and that it gets a Fatha. 2. ﻩ ﻝ The ﻩ takes place. is similar to the object. It is the place/time where an action Example 1: ﺍ I fasted for a month Example 2 ﺍ I worked for a night.

ﺍ ﺍ 3. ﺍ ﺍ The word and its sisters are shown below. ﻟ When any of the above “sisters” come before a and the ﺭ to be it causes the to be Example 1: ﺍﺍ - Surely Zaid is standing Example 2 ﺍﺍﺍ - Hopefully the examination will be easy.

ﺍ ﺍ ﺍ 4. ﺍ ﺍ The word ﺍ and ﺍ some of its sisters are shown below. ﺍ When any of the above “sisters” come before a and the ﺭ to be ﺍ it causes the to be Example 1: ﻓ ﺍ The ﺍ house was new Example 2 ﺍ ﺍﻟ ﺍ The man became rich

ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺮﻭﺭﺍﺕ There are two types of words which fall under this category. All the words here are in the Majroo state which mean they get a Kasra 1. ﺟﺮ The word after a Harf Jarr. 2. ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻴﻪ The word which is the possessor

ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺮﻭﺭﺍﺕ 1. ﺟﺮ There are certain Harfs which give the word following it a Kasra. Some of these Harfs are shown below. ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻰ Any word which follows a ﺟﺮ ﻥ ﻱ ﺣﺮﻑ will get a kasra. Example: – ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴ In the House – ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘ On the desk ﻥ

ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺮﻭﺭﺍﺕ 2. ﺍﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ Is a phrase in which the second part possesses the first. The first part of the sentence is called the ( ﻣﻀﺎﻑ the possession)* and the second part is called the ( ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻴﻪ the possessor). The possessor will always be in the state of Majroor (kasra). Example: ﺯﻳ ﺑﻴ *Note the – ﻗﻠ The pen of Zaid or Zaids pen - ﺑﺎ The door of the House or Houses’ door ﻣﻀﺎﻑ will never have Alif Laam( ) or Tanween ( )