Appendicular Skeleton Anatomy Physiology Pectoral Girdle Scapula 2

Appendicular Skeleton Anatomy & Physiology

Pectoral Girdle

Scapula (2) • shoulder blade • glenoid cavity ▫ depression that articulates with humerus • coracoid process ▫ point of attachment for muscles • acromion process ▫ articulates with the clavicle

Clavicle (2) • collarbone • articulates with sternum and the scapula

Upper Limbs • Humerus (2) ▫ Head articulates with glenoid cavity of scapula ▫ Trochlea articulates with the ulna

Radius (2) • Head articulates with the humerus • Radial Tuberosity ▫ projection where the tendon of the biceps brachii attaches

Ulna (2) • Trochlear Notch ▫ articulates with trochlea of humerus

Hand • Carpals (16) ▫ wrist ▫ 8 bones each hand • Metacarpals (10) ▫ palm ▫ 5 bones each hand • Phalanges (28) ▫ fingers ▫ 14 bones each hand

Hip/Pelvic/Coxal Bone (2) • Each coxal bone is formed by the fusion of 3 bones • Acetabulum ▫ Deep depression that articulates with the head of the femur

Male or Female Skeleton? Female pelvis • Pubic arch is more rounded • Angle of the pubic arch is greater • Female pelvis lighter

Femur (2) • heaviest bone in the body • Head ▫ articulates with the acetabulum of coxal bone • Greater and lesser trochanter ▫ Muscle attachment

Fibula (2) • Lateral lower leg bone • Head of fibula articulates with the tibia

Tibia (2) • Large medial lower leg bone • Tibial tuberosity ▫ roughened projection on the anterior surface where the patellar ligament attaches Anterior crest

Patella (2) • sesamoid kneecap bone • Posterior surface articulates with the femur

Tarsals (14) • Talus ▫ most superior tarsal bone • Calcaneus ▫ heel bone

Metatarsals (10) • form the distal portion of the foot where the arch is located

Phalanges (28) • The hallux (big toe) has 2 phalanges • Other 4 toes have 3 phalanges