APHG Chapter 1 Key Issue 1 Deep Thought

APHG Chapter 1 Key Issue 1

Deep Thought • • • Globalization vs Local Identity What are some examples of each? What are the pros and cons of each? Is the world today a “global village”? Are the two mutually exclusive?

Interactive Discussions • • Expectations Purpose Contribution vs Dominance Necessity of participation

Purpose of Maps • What 2 purposes? – Reference – Communication • Origins of maps – – – Babylonians Aristotle—spherical Earth Eratosthenes—”geography” Ptolemy— 1 st Geography Text Phei Hsiu—Father of Chinese Cartography Al-Idrisi and Ibn-Battutah—mapped the Muslim Empire • Evolution of maps

A Little Perspective… • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=c. QVo Sy. Vu 9 rk • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=cuulu Aq 4 Tt. U

Types of Maps • Remember any? • Most common--Mercator • Mercator controversy

Mercator Projection • 1569 • Used for ship navigation, constant course • Conformal • Small objects accurate, large objects distorted • Heavy distortion at poles

Compromise Robinson Projection • • 1963 Not equal area Not conformal Compromise Projection • Stretches poles

Interrupted Goode’s Homolosine • • 1923 Equal-area Oceans interrupted Land Masses are accurate size and shape

Proportional Symbol Map • Uses symbols of different size to represent data at different locations on the map

Choropleth • Shows statistical data by coloring or shading certain regions • Different colors show different concepts • Different saturation show quantitative differences

Dot Distribution/Density Map • Map that uses a dot symbol to show the presence of a feature or phenomenon

Sinusoidal Projection • East-West Scale is constant • Meridian lines should be the same • Equator distances are correct

Cartogram • A map where some thematic variable is substituted for land area or distance

Flow Lines Map • Mix of maps and flow charts • Show movement • Show direction • How much is flowing

Mollweide • Accurate representation of area • Some distortion of shape • Good for small maps depicting global distribution

Isoline • Iso is Greek for equal • Lines on a map describing the intersection of a surface with planes • Useful for many physical concepts such as wind, elevation, storms

Why are we changing maps? • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=n 8 z. B C 2 dv. ERM

Mercator vs Gnomonic Great Circles

Scale • The larger the number, the smaller the scale • Effects of scale

Scale Differences Maps of Washington State

Washington State (1: 10 million scale)

Western Washington (1: 1 million scale)

Seattle Region (1: 100, 000 scale)

Downtown Seattle, Washington (1: 10, 000 scale)

GPS/GIS • • GPS-Global Positioning System GIS-Geographic Information System Uses? Differences?

Cartograms • http: //www. physicscentral. com/buzz/blo g/index. cfm? postid=8485785988632534 891 • http: //show. mappingworlds. com/ • http: //www. worldmapper. org/textindex/t ext_index. html