Apartheid Apartheid the state of being separate 1948

Apartheid Apartheid = “the state of being separate” 1948 -1994 in South Africa Four legal racial groups: � Bantu (native black Africans), white, coloured, Asian

Now Wait a Second… Why were there whites in South Africa? King Leopold II of Belgium � South Africa settled by the Dutch, aka “Boers” � Why? What was their reason for colonization? Resources To explore the “dark continent” Conversion to Christianity “White Man’s Burden” Science

Take up the White Man's burden, Send forth the best ye breed Go bind your sons to exile, to serve your captives' need; To wait in heavy harness, On fluttered folk and wild-Your new-caught, sullen peoples, Half-devil and half-child. Take up the White Man's burden, In patience to abide, To veil the threat of terror And check the show of pride; By open speech and simple, An hundred times made plain To seek another's profit, And work another's gain. Take up the White Man's burden, The savage wars of peace-Fill full the mouth of Famine And bid the sickness cease; And when your goal is nearest The end for others sought, Watch sloth and heathen Folly Bring all your hopes to nought.

Take up the White Man's burden, Send forth the best ye breed Go bind your sons to exile, to serve your captives' need; To wait in heavy harness, On fluttered folk and wild-Your new-caught, sullen peoples, Half-devil and half-child. Take up the White Man's burden, In patience to abide, To veil the threat of terror And check the show of pride; By open speech and simple, An hundred times made plain To seek another's profit, And work another's gain. Take up the White Man's burden, The savage wars of peace-Fill full the mouth of Famine And bid the sickness cease; And when your goal is nearest The end for others sought, Watch sloth and heathen Folly Bring all your hopes to nought.

Back to Apartheid intended for physical, not political, separation � Known as “petty apartheid” 1950 s – 1980 s � Blacks completely removed from white territory in South Africa by 1958 into one of ten “bantustans” Blacks that led Bantustans were the only blacks with power What do you think happened to these men in power?

Types of Apartheid Petty apartheid led to grand apartheid � Divided South Africa into different states � 1980 s Complete political and physical separation between blacks and whites � Separation Why of blacks into small settlements was this a great (and terrible) strategy? � Africans made to carry “passbooks”

Conflicting Views Whites viewed themselves as superior and thought that native Africans “needed to be ruled over” � The National Party Africans knew that this was their land originally and saw it unfit for whites to be in power � So… what do you think is going to happen?

Resistance African National Congress (ANC) � Boycotts, strikes, civil disobedience Nonviolent! Why? Pan African Congress (PAC) � Organized large protests � Sharpeville massacre Peaceful protest of about 6, 000 blacks Threw away their passbooks and demanded to be arrested Ended with 70 dead, 200+ wounded Led to underground resistance

Nelson Mandela Created the ANC Was arrested and sent to Robben’s Island for 27 years � Why? do? What did this

The End of Apartheid 1990 President Frederick Willem de Klerk began negotiations to end apartheid 1994, Nelson Mandela elected President � Widely regarded as the end of apartheid How has this affected South Africa today? � Do you think vestiges of apartheid still remain? Think about: civil rights in America

Now What? Based on the history and the presentday life in South Africa, predict: What will South Africa be like in 10 years? � In 50 years? � Why?