APA STYLE What is APA Style APA Style

APA STYLE

What is APA Style? APA Style is the citation style used in The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (Fifth Edition).

In-Text Citations Use the author/date method.

One Work by One Author A recent report on background checks (Bland, 2000) Or Bland (2000) compared background checks

One Work by Multiple Authors A report on backgrounds (Westbrook, Thompson, & Thornton, 2004) Or Westbrook, Thompson, and Thornton (2004) compared backgrounds Every citation after the first citation: Westbrook et al. (2004) found

Works with no Author, Cite the Title or Part of Title is Long The results (“Health Insurance, ” 2004) Or John won the race (Heroic Tales, 2004) Note: You need to use double quotation marks around the title of an article or chapter, and italicize the title of a periodical, book, brochure, or report (p. 207).

Reference List Citations

Characteristics of a Reference List in APA Style References are to be listed alphabetically. Ø Use author’s full last name and initials of their first and middle names. Ø Double spacing is to be used between reference list citations and within the citations. Ø Every line after the first line in a citation is to be indented. You may indent a few (3) spaces or use the “Tab” key to indent. Consistency is the key. Ø

Citing an Entire Book Mc. Tague, T. S. (2001). Hiring in good times and bad: A comprehensive guide to entrylevel staffing. Westpoint, CT: Quorum Books.

Citing a Part of a Book with an Editor Jones, J. W. (1991). Selection alternatives to the preemployment polygraph. In J. W. Jones (Ed. ), Preemployment honesty testing: Current research and future directions (pp. 39 -52). New York: Quorum Books.

Citing a Signed Article from an Encyclopedia Mc. Dowell, J. (1996). Space astronomy. In Collier’s encyclopedia (Vol. 21, pp. 340 -344). New York: Colliers.

Citing a Magazine Article Hayes, F. (2002, July 29). Can’t buy security. Computerworld, 36, 54.

Citing a Newspaper Article Ellison, C. (2002, May 20). Employees increasingly check new hire’s backgrounds. The Charlotte Observer, p. A 5.

Citing a Journal Article Solomon, B. (1998). Too good to be true? Management Review, 87(4), 27 -32.

Citing an Article from a Database Amesen, D. W. , Fleenor, C. P. , & Blizinsky, M. (1998). Name, rank, and serial number? The dilemma of reference checks. Business Horizons, 41(4), 71 -79. Retrieved November 6, 2002, from Business Source Elite database.

Citing a Web Site History of encyclopedias. (n. d. ). Retrieved February 7, 2005, from http: //encyclozine. com/Reference/Encyclopedias/about. shtml Note: No period should be added at the end of the URL.

CHICAGO STYLE

What is Chicago Style? It is the citation style of The Chicago Manual of Style (15 th Edition)

In-Text Citations Use the author/date method.

A Work by One, Two or Three Authors (Walker and Taylor 1998)

A Work by More Than Three Authors (Sechzer et al. 1996)

A Work for Which No Author is Given (Anon. 1547) Note: The abbreviation “Anon. ” stands for anonymous.

Works Cited List Citations

Characteristics of a Works Cited List in Chicago Style Ø Works Cited List citations are arranged alphabetically. Ø In a works cited list citation, every line after the first line is indented. Ø Double spacing is to be used between works cited list citations and within them.

Citing a Book (One, Two or Three Authors) Walker, J. R. , and T. Taylor. 1998. The Columbia guide to online style. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.

Citing a Book (More Than Three Authors) Sechzer, J. A. , S. M. Pfaffilin, F. L. Denmark, A. Griffin, and S. J. Blumenthal, eds. 1996. Women and mental health. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press. Note: Use the abbreviation “eds. ” when citing editors.

Citing a Part of a Multi-Author Book with One or More Editors Wiens, J. A. 1983. Avian community ecology: An iconoclastic view. In Perspectives in ornithology, ed. A. H. Brush and G. A. Clark Jr. , 355 -403. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.

Citing a Newspaper Article New York Times. 2002. In Texas, ad heats up race for governor. July 30. Note: The newspaper title is first when the author is not given.

Citing a Magazine Article Ezzel, Carol. 2000. Care for a dying continent. Scientific American, May.

Citing a Journal Article Ryan, M. J. 1988. Energy, calling, and selection. Am Zool 28: 885 -98.

Citing an Article from a Database Courtney, M. E. , S. L. Mc. Murtry, and A. Zinn. 2004. Housing problems experienced by recipients of child welfare services. Child Welfare 83: 393 -423. http: // web 1. epnet. com/

Citing a Document on the Internet (Web Page or Site) Federation of American Scientists. Resolution comparison: Reading license plates and headlines. http: //www. fas. org/irp/imint/resolve 5. htm

TURABIAN STYLE

What is Turabian Style? Turabian style is the citation style used in A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations.

In-Text citations Use the author/date/page number method. Exception: Don’t cite page numbers for electronic resources or government documents.

A Work With One, Two, or Three Authors (Lyon, and Lucas 1983, 43)

A Work with More Than Three Authors (Greenberger et al. 1974, 50)

A Work With No Author Given (The lottery [1732], 20 -25)

Works Cited List Citations

Characteristics of Works Cited List Citations in Turabian Style Ø Citations are to be arranged alphabetically. Ø Every line in the citation is to be indented except the first line. Use the “Tab” key on your keyboard to indent. Ø Single spacing is to be used within citations. Double spacing is to be used between citations.

Citing a Book (One, Two, or Three Authors) Lyon, Mary, Bryce Lyon, and Henry S. Lucas. The Wardrobe Book of William de Norwell, 12 July 1338 to 27 May 1340. With the collaboration of Jean de Sturler. Brussels: Commission Royale d’Histoire de Belgique, 1983.

Citing a Book, More Than Three Authors Greenberger, Martin, Julius Aronofsky, James L. Mc. Kenney, and William F. Massy, eds. Networks for Research and Education: Sharing of Computer and Information Resources Nationwide. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1974. Note: Use the abbreviation “ed. ” or “eds. ” when citing editors.

Citing a Part of a Book with an Editor or Editors Beech, Mary Higdon. “The Domestic Realm in the Lives of Hindu Women in Calcutta. ” In Separate Worlds: Studies of purdah in South Asia, ed. Hanna Papnanek and Gail Minault, 110 -38. Delhi: Chanakya, 1982.

Citing a Magazine Article Weber, Bruce. “The Myth Maker: The Creative Mind of Novelist E. L. Doctorow. ” New York Times Magazine, 20 October 1985, 42.

Citing a Newspaper Times (London). 4 January - 6 June 1964. Note: If you cite a newspaper once or twice, a citation is not needed in the works cited list. However, you will need to cite a newspaper in the works cited list if you cite multiple issues of the newspaper.

Citing a Journal Article Jackson, Richard. “Running down the Up-Escalator: Regional Inequality in Papua New Guinea. ” Australian Geographer 14 (May 1979): 17584.

Citing an Electronic Document Flax, Rosabel. Guidelines for Teaching Mathematics K-12. Topeka: Kansas Department of Education, 1979. Database on-line. Available from Dialog, ERIC, ED 178312.

Note: The previous example “Citing an Electronic Document” is an example of citing an electronic document from an ERIC database. Consult the Chicago Manual of Style (15 th Edition) for an example of citing a Web page or site.