APA Formatting and Style Guide American Psychological Association

APA Formatting and Style Guide American Psychological Association Retrieved from http: //owl. english. purdue. edu/owl/resource/560/01/

General Format References Your essay should include three major sections: Main Body Abstract Title page

General Format Your essay should: v be typed and double-spaced v use 1” margins on all sides v use 12 pt. Times New Roman v include a page header (title) in the upper left-hand of every page and a page number in the upper right-hand side of every page v Used mostly in social sciences

Title Page header: (use Insert Page Header) title flush left + page number flush right. (Title Page: only page with Running head) Title: (in the upper half of the page, centered) Running head: INTERNET SAFETY Internet Safety and Social Media Sites John Smith Computer Apps Mrs. Williams Date 1

Abstract INTERNET SAFETY *Usually 1 paragraph *First line is NOT indented *200 -300 words *Easily understood w/o reading the paper *Simply a summary…no new information Abstract 1 -2 sentences about the topic 2 -4 sentences about the past results 1 -2 sentences about what the results means to your project State your hypothesis Keywords: polymer, casein, monomer, molecule 2

Main Body (Text) v Number the abstract page as page number 2 v On page number 3, type and center the title of the paper centered, at the top of the page v Type the text double-spaced with all sections following each other without a break v Identify the sources you use in the paper in parenthetical in-text citations

Main Body (Text Sample) INTERNET SAFETY 3 Internet Safety and Social Media Sites Numerous studies have been conducted on various facets of Internet safety. The internet provides great sources of information but also

References Page INTERNET SAFETY • Center the title (References) at the top of the page. Do not bold it. • Double-space reference entries • Flush left the first line of the entry and indent subsequent lines • Order entries alphabetically by the author’s surnames 4

APA Style: Language in an APA paper is: v clear: be specific in descriptions and explanations v concise: condense information when you can v plain: use simple, descriptive adjectives and minimize figurative language

As of December 2000, twenty countries were restricting use of cell phones in moving vehicles (Sundeen, 2012). In the United States, it is highly unlikely that legislation could be passed on the national level, since traffic safety is considered a state and local issue. To date, only a few counties and towns have passed traffic laws restricting cell phone use. For example, in Suffolk County, New York, it is illegal for drivers to use a handheld phone for anything but an emergency call while on the road (“Traffic Safety, ” 2013). The first town to restrict use of handheld phones was Brooklyn, Ohio (“Texting and Driving”). Brooklyn, the first community in the country to pass a seat belt law, has once again shown its concern for traffic safety. Source: Diana Hacker (Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2006).

In-text Citations: Basics Whenever you use a source, provide in parenthesis: • the author’s name and the date of publication • for quotations and close paraphrases, provide the author’s name, date of publication, and a page number

In-text Citations: Source with Author and Date Provided Formatting a Summary or Paraphrase Social media sites are a good way to communicate and catch up with friends and family, but you also must be very careful. Predators may locate you by simply viewing a posted photo (Fussell, 1975).

In-text Citations: A Work with Multiple Authors When citing a work with three to five authors, identify all authors in the signal phrase or in parenthesis. (Harklau, Siegal, & Losey, 1999) In subsequent citations, only use the first author's last name followed by "et al. " in the signal phrase or in parentheses. (Harklau et al. , 1999)

In-text Citations: A Work of Unknown Author (“Title, ” year) here When citing a work of unknown author, use the source’s full title in the signal phrase and cite the first word of the title followed by the year of publication in parenthesis. Put titles of articles and chapters in quotation marks; italicize titles of books and reports. (“Indiana, ” 2008)

Internet Sources: Unknown Author and Date In-text Example: One online film critic stated that Fitzcarraldo is “. . . a beautiful and terrifying critique of obsession and colonialism” (“Herzog: a Life”).

In-text Citations: Formatting Quotations A traumatic response frequently entails a “delayed, uncontrolled repetitive appearance of hallucinations and other intrusive phenomena” (Caruth, 1996, p. 11).

In-text Citations: A Work with Two Authors that has a Quotation Some feminists researchers question that “women's responses to the war have been ignored” (Raitt & Tate, 1997, p. 2).

In-text Citations: Quotations Electronic Source with Unknown Page Number When citing an electronic document, whenever possible, cite it in the author-date style. If electronic source lacks page numbers, locate and identify paragraph number/paragraph heading. (Smith, 1997, Mind over Matter section, para. 6).

In-text Citations: Personal communication When citing interviews, letters, e-mails, etc. , include the communicator’s name, the fact that it was personal communication, and the date of the communication. Do not include personal communication in the reference list. The history teacher claimed that many of her students had difficulties with APA style (Robbins, personal communication, November 3, 2002).

Time to Practice

Personal Interview with Janice Emery “I observed doors shutting on their own and…” (Emery, personal communication, January 9, 2014). Author- Jacque Conner Title- Making It Past Tomorrow Year Published- 2014 Her life was not easy due to abuse, anxiety, and depression (Conner, 2014). URL- www. historychannel. org Title- Bermuda Triangle Year Published- 2011 The Bermuda Triangle is located in the Atlantic (“Bermuda Triangle, ” 2011). URL- www. sciencetoday. com Title- Extraterrestrials: Real or Not? The idea of other habitable zones may be possible (“Extraterrestrials: Real or Not”).

As of December 2000, twenty countries were restricting use of cell phones in moving vehicles (Sundeen, 2012). In the United States, it is highly unlikely that legislation could be passed on the national level, since traffic safety is considered a state and local issue. To date, only a few counties and towns have passed traffic laws restricting cell phone use. For example, in Suffolk County, New York, it is illegal for drivers to use a handheld phone for anything but an emergency call while on the road (“Traffic Safety, ” 2013). The first town to restrict use of handheld phones was Brooklyn, Ohio (“Texting and Driving”). Brooklyn, the first community in the country to pass a seat belt law, has once again shown its concern for traffic safety. Source: Diana Hacker (Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2006).

1. Find a print or online source 2. Take Notes…indicate the source 3. Add the source to citefast. com www. sgcmediacenter. weebly. com Tennessee Electronic Library (TEL) Digital Public Library of America Google Scholar What do I do if citefast. com asks for the date last updated or published? archive. org