AP World History TOKUGAWA JAPAN Japan Background By

AP World History TOKUGAWA JAPAN

Japan Background By end of 1400 s, centralized government (Shogunate) was falling apart. Fighting between Daimyo (heads of noble families) http: //images. google. com/imgres? imgurl=https: //jspivey. wikispaces. com/file/vi ew/sengoku_daimyo_tohoku_sm. gif&imgrefurl=https: //jspivey. wikispaces. com/ Michelle%2 BC. , %2 BSoo%2 BYoung%2 Band%2 BYena&usg=__XRtgv 8 R 49 EEHm B 7 sp. IAG 0 IDt 8 c 0=&h=836&w=800&sz=322&hl=en&start=1&um=1&tbnid=yjth 3 q. J Qxs. HOd. M: &tbnh=144&tbnw=138&prev=/images%3 Fq%3 DDaimyo%26 hl%3 Den %26 safe%3 Dstrict%26 client%3 Dfirefox-a%26 rls%3 Dorg. mozilla: en. US: official%26 sa%3 DN%26 um%3 D 1&safe=strict Logo of the Shoguns

Different Diamyo Courtesy of www. saru. Dama. com

Japanese Unification � Unification began late 16 th century (1500 s) � Three political figures: �Oda Nabunaga �Toyotomi Hideyoshi �Tokugawa Ieyasu

Oda Nobunaga Captures the royal capital, Kyoto Centralized power in surrounding area Image courtesy of Jpellegn on flickr

Toyotomi Hideyoshi Farmer turned military commander Takes control and moves capital to Osaka http: //images. google. com/imgres? imgurl=http: //upload. wikim edia. org/wikipedia/commons/4/4 e/Toyotomi_Hideyoshi_on_ his_horse. jpg&imgrefurl=http: //commons. wikimedia. org/wiki/ File: Toyotomi_Hideyoshi_on_his_horse. jpg&usg=__cx. RJjbx ybq. WLp. B 3 sb. Az. G 2 s 2_Vs=&h=468&w=468&sz=83&hl=en&start=20&um =1&tbnid=2 No. Wdark. Ry. Yif. M: &tbnh=128&tbnw=128&prev=/i mages%3 Fq%3 Dtoyotomi%2 Bhideyoshi%26 hl%3 Den%26 s afe%3 Dstrict%26 client%3 Dfirefoxa%26 rls%3 Dorg. mozilla: en. US: official%26 sa%3 DN%26 um%3 D 1&safe=strict

Image courtesy of http: //www. lonelyplanet. com/maps/asia/japan/

Tokugawa Ieyasu Daimyo of Edo (Modern Tokyo) Took control of Japan after Toyotomi’s death Restores centralized power Moves capital to Edo “Great Peace” http: //uk. encarta. msn. com/media_121637 196/Japan_Under_Tokugawa_Rule. html

Europeans come to Japan First Portuguese traders Welcomed, traded openly Weapons, tobacco, clocks and glasses from Europe http: //rezanov. krasu. ru/eng/epoch/i mg/japan 4 l. jpg

Europeans get kicked out Next Jesuit Missionaries At first converted many Daimyo But, Jesuits destroyed shrines resulting in Hideyoshi prohibiting Christian activities in his land Missionaries expelled Traders also removed ○ Only 1 Dutch group remained w/ restrictions http: //www. artsales. com/ARTistory/Xavier_1. html 16 th Century Japanese Nanban screen showing the arrival of Jesuits in Japan Circa 1549

http: //web 000. greece. k 12. ny. us/Social. Studies. Resources/Social_Studies_Resources/GHG_Documen ts/Tokugawa%20 Laws%20 of%20 Japan%20 Passage%2001. 02. jpg

Tokugawa Rule Wanted to control the feudal system in Japan Land was divided into hans (domains), which were ruled by daimyo Could be independent, but shogunate ruled by hostage system http: //roninsushiandbar. com/history. aspx

Hostage system Each daimyo has 2 houses. 1 in Edo; 1 on their han When daimyo isn’t in Edo, his family must stay there (like hostages) so the daimyo don’t rebel http: //www. nakasendoway. com/images/2 -9 -1. jpg

Economic Changes Trade and Industry grew Cities grew Edo +1 Million pop. Banking grew, paper money became the standard Merchant class grew Taxes increased Peasants suffered, some revolted http: //w 00. middlebury. edu/ID 085 A/Edo/index 2. html Coins from the Edo period

Social Changes Strict class distinctions Emperor and imperial court Warriors Peasants/farmers Artisans Merchants Eta (outcasts) Laws separating them No intermarriage http: //www. flickr. com/photos/24443965@N 08/ 2862111344/ Eta skinning deer

Role of women Restricted, especially in warrior class Influenced by Confucianism Rules: Parents determined marriage Men could divorce women who don’t fulfill their duties. Men controlled property. Were valued as mothers http: //www. flickr. com/photos/24443965 @N 08/3492944934/in/set 72157617576425408/

Cultural Changes Literature Popular in cities Lighthearted, for fun Ihara Saikaku “Five Women who Loved Love” From all directions Winds bring petals of cherry Into the grebe lake. Poetry More serious Haiku (5, 7, 5; about nature) ○ Ex. Matsuo Basho http: //www. big. or. jp/~loupe/li nks/ehisto/ebasho. shtml

Theater Kabuki (link) No women performers Emphasizes action, music and gestures http: //www. traveltokyo. info/kabuki 1. jpg

Art and Architecture Need for homes in Edo caused nobles to compete for ‘best’ homes Used gold foil to reflect light in dark castles Also used height for defense http: //www. sfusd. k 12. ca. us/schwww/sch 618/japa n/Architecture 2. html Hirosaki Castle

Decline of Tokugawa Dynasty (link)