AOS 4 Koko Yiri SubSaharan African music From

AOS 4: Koko – ‘Yiri’ • Sub-Saharan African music • From Burkina Faso (Western African musical traditions)

Is it different to Western music? Choral What occasions is it used for? Instrumental music What is Sub-Saharan African music like? What is it combined with? What is its importance? Instruments Drumming Who participates?

Communication Social gatherings What is its importance? Emotions Feelings

Who participates? Everybody Unites people Regardless of ability Part of everyday life

Costumes Movement Masks Body painting What is it combined with? Mime Speech Stories

Harvest Weddings What occasions is it used for? Birthdays Funerals

Do you think music has the same role and importance throughout the world? Do you think it is appreciated in the same way?

Drumming • • • Certain rhythms mean certain things Communication Oral tradition – no traditional notation Varies from region to region Will increase in tension Signal Solo Improvisation Master drummer

Choral • • Music = link to spirit world Call and response Short, simple melodies Improvisation Harmony varies from region to region Overlapping textures Tone languages – Pitch determines the meaning of words

Instrumental • • Membranophones Idiophones Aerophones Chordophones Body percussion Vocables Interlocks and overlaps

Common features of Sub-Saharan African music • • • Repetition/Cyclic patterns Improvisation Polyrhythm Call & Response Cyclic structure Intertwining melodies Polyphonic texture Singing in harmony Cross rhythms

Instruments Talking drum/Donno Djembe Dundun Kora Shaker/ beaded shekere /cabasa Balaphone Ocarina

Instruments in ‘Yiri’ • • • Vocals Djembe Donno Dundun Maracas/shakers Balaphone Flute Kora Tam-tam (gong)

Questions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Which instruments are used in ‘Yiri’? What are the 3 main strands in the piece? How does the piece start? Identify a place where heterophonic texture is used. What is this? What persists throughout the whole piece? Describe the dynamics. Where are triplets used? How would you describe the texture when all the parts are playing/singing? How is variety achieved in this piece? How does the piece end?