ANXIETY DISORDERS Anxiety vs Fear anxiety future oriented
- Slides: 30
ANXIETY DISORDERS
Anxiety vs. Fear anxiety: (future oriented) negative affect, bodily tension, and apprehension about the future fear: (reaction to current danger) immediate alarm in response to danger – initiates flight or fight response
Phobias unrealistic fear of a specific situation, activity, or object
Types of specific phobias Blood-Injection-Injury Situational Phobia Natural Environment Phobia Animal Phobia Other phobias
Common Phobia Treatments systematic desensitization: combines relaxation with exposure • • • invivo imaginal virtual reality http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=JK-v. VMMN 43 Y flooding: expose individual directly to feared stimulus
Social Phobia DSM criteria: Extreme shyness and fear in social situations focus is on situation in which the person is exposed to unfamiliar people or to possible scrutiny by others person fears will be humiliated or embarrassed Avoidance or endure with extreme distress Impairment Rule out cause by other disorder
Social Phobia: Treatment
Social Phobia: Treatment (cont. ) Psychological • Cognitive-behavioral treatment Exposure Skill building Group settings
PANIC
Panic Disorder At least one of the panic attacks is followed by at least a month of (a) persistent fear of having another attack, or (b) a significant maladaptive change in behavior following the attacks. The disturbance is not better understood by the physiological effects of a substance or medical condition. The disturbance is not better understood by another psychological condition.
Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia (PDA) agoraphobia: place fear of being away from a safe
Development of Panic Disorder Step 1 Real Stressor Step 2 Step 3 Fear of Having Another Attack Step 4 Increased Attention to Body Step 5 More Fear
Summary The fear of having another panic attack just makes you more frightened. This “fear of your fear” increases the chances of future attacks. Solution
Treatment for Panic Disorder: 1) Imipramine (tricyclic antidepressant) 2) SSRIs 3) Exposure and relaxation training 4) Panic control treatment
Example Interoceptive Exposure Exercises
generalized anxiety disorder
GAD Symptoms continuous feelings of anxiety; experienced across situations continues for at least 6 months and is uncontrollable more days than not involves muscle tension, fatigue, irritability, difficulty sleeping
GAD Treatment anxiolytics: drugs that reduce anxiety Benzodiazepines anti-depressants cognitive-behavioral relaxation training treatment
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Related Disorders
DSM-V Criteria for OCD Presence of obsessions or compulsions (or both) the person recognizes that the obsessions or compulsions are excessive or unreasonable (not required for children) they cause marked distress, are time-consuming (more than 1 hour per day), or interfere with the person’s functioning
DSM-V Criteria for Obsessions recurrent and persistent thoughts, impulses, or images experienced as intrusive and inappropriate cause marked anxiety or distress the thoughts are not simply excessive worries about real-life problems the person attempts to ignore or suppress the thoughts the person recognizes that the thoughts are a product of his or her own mind (not imposed from outside)
DSM-V Criteria for Compulsions Repetitive behaviors or mental acts that the person feels driven to perform in response to an obsession, or according to rules that must be applied rigidly Behaviors are aimed at preventing or reducing distress, or preventing some dreaded event or situation. However, behaviors not connected in a realistic way with what they are designed to prevent, or are clearly excessive
OCD : Compulsions Four • • major categories Checking Ordering Arranging Washing/cleaning http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=z. C 2 G 6 lf 9 f. Cs&list=PLYL 4 h. Yo. JA 9 Gc. HQt 1 Cf 1 o wy. PUbs-L 2 QOj. N&index=9
Treatment of OCD SSRI’s Exposure and response prevention How does it compare to medication? Psychosurgery (cingulotomy)
Obsessive Compulsive Related Disorders Hoarding Disorder. Hair-Pulling Disorder. Excoriation Disorder. Body Dysmorphic Disorder.
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
PTSD exposure to traumatic event is reexperienced (e. g. , recollections, dreams, flashbacks) try to avoid stimuli associated with the trauma symptoms of increased arousal (e. g. , problems sleeping, concentrating) negative alterations of cognitions or mood
PTSD acute stress disorder – PTSD symptoms have lasted less than one month acute PTSD – symptoms last between 1 and 3 months after event chronic PTSD – symptoms last longer than 3 delayed onset – few immediate symptoms – years months later
Treatment of PTSD Cognitive-behavioral • • treatment Exposure Identify and correct cognitive distortions. SSRI’s (Prozac, Paxil)
- Chapter 15 anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders
- Anxiety disorders def
- Icd x anxiety disorders
- Multipath model of anxiety disorders
- Example of future perfect continuous tense
- Esercizi future continuous e future perfect
- Modifiers of human acts
- Crisis development model directive staff approach
- Sales promotion vehicles
- Row oriented database
- Future oriented methods of performance appraisal
- Future nurse programme
- Future continuous vs future perfect
- Perfect future tense
- Future plan present continuous
- Kondicional engleski
- Present past future sentences
- Summary tenses
- See future continuous
- Future plans and finished future actions
- Present continuous as future examples
- Physical disorders and health psychology
- Chapter 5 mental and emotional problems
- Cluster b personality disorder
- What is myeloproliferative disorder
- Looney tunes speech impediments
- Chapter 12 schizophrenia spectrum disorders
- The flinders model
- Hypothalamus eating disorders
- Bandl's ring
- Dissociative disorders