AntiImmigration and the Scopes Trial Ch 11 S

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Anti-Immigration and the Scopes Trial Ch 11 S 3

Anti-Immigration and the Scopes Trial Ch 11 S 3

Traditionalism vs. Modernism • Now urban vs. rural • Fundamentalism Rural ▫ Protestant ▫

Traditionalism vs. Modernism • Now urban vs. rural • Fundamentalism Rural ▫ Protestant ▫ Bible=truth ▫ Anti-Evolution • More open to change • Greater focus on consumer goods • Emphasis on science • Secular values • Education: Key to success ▫ Anti-Communism ▫ Retreats Tradition ▫ Speakers • Religion (fundamentalism) • Valued hard work, not stuff • Education: Only the basics � Billy Sunday Urban

The Scopes Trial • Clash of modernism and fundamentalism • Issue: Teaching Darwin’s theory

The Scopes Trial • Clash of modernism and fundamentalism • Issue: Teaching Darwin’s theory of Evolution in schools ▫ 1925 TN outlawed it ▫ American Civil Liberties Union convinced John Scopes to teach it anyway ▫ Scopes arrested • “Monkey Trial” ▫ Defense Attorney: Clarence Darrow ▫ Prosecuting Attorney: William Jennings Bryan ▫ Science/logic vs. literal interpretation of the Bible ▫ Scopes found guilty and fined $100 • Debate still today

Critical Thinking Activity • Read the arguments provided by the Prosecution and Defense of

Critical Thinking Activity • Read the arguments provided by the Prosecution and Defense of the Scopes Trial, 1925 and the Teaching of Darwin’s Theory of Evolution p. 337 • Answer the following questions 1. How does Bryan’s view of science differ from that of Malone? 2. What does each man feel should happen when science clashes with religion? 3. What do you think? Should we teach evolution? • Give 3 reasons to support your argument.

Nativism and Anti-Immigration • Immigration boom • Nativists: white Americans ▫ WASP culture ▫

Nativism and Anti-Immigration • Immigration boom • Nativists: white Americans ▫ WASP culture ▫ Wanted to keep the US “pure” ▫ Anti-Chinese, Southern & Eastern Europe, Mexican, and African American • Literacy Tests for immigration • Fueled by the Red Scare • Pushed immigration quotas

Quota Laws • Emergency Quota Act of 1921 ▫ Established a quota system •

Quota Laws • Emergency Quota Act of 1921 ▫ Established a quota system • National Origins Act of 1924 ▫ Based on nationality and 1890 Census ▫ Could not exceed the 1890 Census by more than 2% ▫ Greatly limiting those not-liked by Nativists • Didn’t apply to Mexico ▫ Open immigration ▫ Farming jobs ▫ But discrimination remained

The New KKK • Stone Mt. , GA, 1915 Revival • Targets: Jews, Catholics,

The New KKK • Stone Mt. , GA, 1915 Revival • Targets: Jews, Catholics, immigrants, and blacks ▫ Part of the Nativist Movement • Secret society ▫ 4 -5 million members ▫ Still mostly in the South • Headquarters: IN, David Stephenson • Controlled many politicians • Terror tactics ▫ Burning homes and crosses, lynching, boycotting businesses ▫ Hate group • Corrupt against its own members • Meet with some opposition