Antibiotics Antibiotic Antibiotics Introduction Selective toxicity kills or

Antibiotics Antibiotic

Antibiotics - Introduction • Selective toxicity - kills or stops growth of bacteria w/o damaging the host (human body) • Bacteria - unicellular microorganisms must rely on host for nourishment – Most harmful – Some needed effects • Most bacteria destroyed by immune system

Antibiotics - Types • Broad Spectrum - useful on a wide variety of bacteria • Narrow Spectrum - useful on only a few varieties of bacteria

Antibiotics - Mechanism of Action 1. Inhibit cell wall synthesis & function – decrease rigidity of cell wall - cause it to burst • Examples – (Penicillin) – (Amoxicillin) – (Cephalosporins, Cephalexin) Keflex – Bacitracin **high occurrence of allergic reactions

Antibiotics - Mechanism of Action 2. Inhibits protein synthesis by attaching to ribosomes – kills bacteria or slows growth • Examples – (Tetracycline) – (Erythromycin) – (Azithromycin) Z-pack, Zithromax

Antibiotics - Mechanism of Action 3. Inhibit bacterial DNA/RNA synthesis – affects structure, function, & synthesis of DNA - can’t reproduce • Examples – (Ciproflaxin) Cipro – (Sulfadiazine) Silvadene – (Sulfa)

Resistance to Antibiotic Drugs • Bacteria develop natural or acquired resistance to antibiotics - allows bacteria to survive • What can be done? ?

Antiviral • Virus – intracellular parasites, lack cell wall & cell membranes; don’t have metabolic processes • Antiviral medicines treat Influenza A & B and RSV • Examples: – (Famiclor) Famvir – (Zanamivir) Relenza – (Oseltamivir phosphate) Tamiflu