Antibiotic resistance in agricultural settings Presented by Lisa
Antibiotic resistance in agricultural settings Presented by Lisa Durso Agricultural Research Service National Pork Board Swine Education In-Service, September 30 October 1, 2015 Chicago IL
Durso, L. M. and K. L. Cook. 2014. Impacts of antibiotic use in agriculture: what are the benefits and risks? Curr Opinion Microbiol 19: 37 -44, 2014. ,
“U. S. Tightens Rules on Antibiotics Use for Livestock” New York Times April 11, 2012 USING SMALL AMOUNTS OF ANTIBIOTICS OVER LONG PERIODS OF TIME LEADS TO THE GROWTH OF BACTERIA THAT ARE RESISTANT TO THE DRUGS’ EFFECTS, ENDANGERING HUMANS WHO BECOME INFECTED BUT CANNOT BE TREATED WITH ROUTINE ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY. AT LEAST TWO MILLION PEOPLE ARE SICKENED AN ESTIMATED 99, 000 DIE EVERY YEAR FROM HOSPITAL-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS, THE MAJORITY OF WHICH RESULT FROM SUCH RESISTANT STRAINS. IT IS UNKNOWN HOW MANY OF THESE ILLNESSES AND DEATHS RESULT FROM AGRICULTURAL USES OF ANTIBIOTICS, BUT ABOUT 80 PERCENT OF ANTIBIOTICS SOLD IN THE UNITED STATES ARE USED IN ANIMALS.
Economic Media and Advocacy Regulatory Animal Welfare Science Animal Health Agriculture Morality and Ideals Public Health
http: //images. huffingtonpost. com/2015 -05 -01 -1430524016 -7247696 -shechitahimage. jpg Mandate to Stun Animals After Kosher Slaughter Huffington Post POSTED: 05/04/2015 12: 55 PM EDT Rabbi Shmuly Yanklowitz
Woman Herding Pigs by Cesare Saccaggi The Milk Maid by Winslow Homer
http: //dingo. care 2. com/pictures/greenliving/uploads/2014/05/Infographic_meat_antibiotics. jpg
http: //healthresearchfunding. org/11 -scary-statistics-on-antibiotic-resistance/
http: //healthresearchfunding. org/11 -scary-statistics-on-antibiotic-resistance/
http: //documents. foodandwaterwatch. org/doc/Antibiotic_Resistance_101_2014. pdf#_ga=1. 104214409. 864807362. 1439555346
http: //www. canadianpharmacymeds. co m/blog/the-rise-of-antibiotic-resistantinfections/
X Economic X Media and Advocacy X Regulatory X Animal Welfare Science X Animal Health X Agriculture X Morality and Ideals X Public Health
Science
Given that we want to reduce antibiotic resistance in agricultural settings, what is the target that we want to set for reduction?
Given that we want to reduce antibiotic resistance in agricultural settings, what is the target that we want to set for reduction? What is a normal, or “natural” level of antibiotic resistance? Zero?
http: //scopeblog. stanford. edu/files/2011/09/woolly_mammoth. jpg Antibiotic resistance is ancient
30, 000 -year-old Beringian permafrost sediments and the identification of a highly diverse collection of genes encoding resistance to b-lactam, tetracycline and glycopeptide antibiotics. Nature 2011, 477: 457
Antibiotic resistance is found in pristine habitats
We report a screen of a sample of the culturable microbiome of Lechuguilla Cave, New Mexico, in a region of the cave that has been isolated for over 4 million years. We report that, like surface microbes, these bacteria were highly resistant to antibiotics; some strains were resistant to 14 different commercially available antibiotics. PLo. S ONE 2012, 7(4): e 34953
Antibiotic resistant bacteria are found on organic, antibiotic-free meat
No statistically significant differences were observed for the prevalence of S. aureus in general, or MSSA or MRSA specifically, when comparing pork products from conventionally raised swine and swine raised without antibiotics, a finding that contrasts with a prior study from the Netherlands examining both conventional and “biologic” meat products. PLo. S ONE 2012, 7(1): e 30092
becauseitsawesome. com Antibiotic resistance is common in environmental samples
Antibiotic resistance has largely been studied in the context of failure of the drugs in clinical settings. There is now growing evidence that bacteria that live in the environment (e. g. the soil) are multi-drug-resistant. Curr Opin Micobiol 2007, 10: 485
Antibiotic resistant bacteria are found in organic farming systems
Even in the absence of farm use of antibiotics, antibiotic resistance persisted in the organically raised swine. The reasons for the persistence of antibiotic resistance are likely to be multiple. These findings suggest approaches in addition to prudent antibiotic use will be important in effectively reducing resistant bacterial populations in swine. AEM 2011, 77: 7167
X Economic X Media and Advocacy X Regulatory X Animal Welfare Science X Animal Health X Agriculture X Morality and Ideals X Public Health
Economic Media and Advocacy Regulatory Animal Welfare Science Animal Health Agriculture Morality and Ideals Public Health
PRODUCERS Optimize antibiotic use
PRODUCERS Optimize antibiotic use Maintain good animal health
PRODUCERS Optimize antibiotic use Maintain good animal health Vaccines
PRODUCERS Optimize antibiotic use Maintain good animal health Vaccines Composting
PRODUCERS Optimize antibiotic use Maintain good animal health Vaccines Composting Digestion
PRODUCERS Optimize antibiotic use Maintain good animal health Vaccines Composting Digestion Containment of wastes
PRODUCERS Optimize antibiotic use Maintain good animal health Vaccines Composting Digestion Containment of wastes
Consumers Clean Separate Cook Chill
#1: DRUGS
#1: DRUGS #2: BUGS
#1: DRUGS #2: BUGS #3: GENES
Questions, comments, suggestions? Please e-mail or call! Lisa Durso lisa. durso@ars. usda. gov 402 -438 -3277
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