Animals Biodiversity Animals Kingdom consist of NINE phyla

Animals Biodiversity Animals Kingdom consist of NINE phyla ( )ﺷﻌﺐ 1 - Phylum of Porifera ( )ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻣﻴﺎﺕ 2 - Phylum of Coelenterata ( )ﺍﻟﺠﻮﻓﻤﻌﻮﻳﺎﺕ 3 - Phylum of Platyhelminthes ( )ﺍﻟﺪﻳﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻠﻄﺤﺔ 4 - Phylum of Nematoda ( )ﺍﻟﺪﻳﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪﻳﺮﺓ 5 - Phylum of Annelida( )ﺍﻟﺪﻳﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻘﻴﺔ 6 - Phylum of Arthropoda ( )ﻣﻔﺼﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻻﺭﺟﻞ Those are Invertebrata (don not have a backbone) 7 - Phylum of Mollusca( )ﺍﻟﺮﺧﻮﻳﺎﺕ 8 - Phylum of Echinodermata( )ﺍﻟﺠﻠﺪ ﺷﻮﻛﻴﺎﺕ 9 - Phylum of Chordata( )ﺍﻟﺤﺒﻠﻴﺎﺕ Almost are Vertebrata (They have a backbone)

Phylum of Arthropoda §Arthropods are the dominant animals on Earth and the biggest phylum in animals kingdom. § Arthropods have segmented bodies with some or all of the segments bearing jointed appendages such as Antenna and legs § They all have an exoskeleton. For example, in insects, the body is divided into three parts: head, thorax, and abdomen. § The digestive system in most arthropods have three main regions: foregut, midgut and hindgut § Open circulatory system with a dorsal heart.

Phylum of Arthropoda § Respiratory systems by - Gills ( )ﺍﻟﺨﻴﺎﺷﻴﻢ in aquatic arthropods e. g. Crab - Tracheal systems ( )ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻴﺒﺎﺕ in most terrestrial arthropods e. g. Locusts - Simple lungs( )ﺍﻟﺮﺋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻄﺔ e. g spiders and scorpions § Excretory system: in most Arthropoda by malpighian tubules § They have developed nervous system consist of brain and ventral nerve cord. § Many arthropods have compound eyes ( )ﻋﻴﻮﻥ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ that enabling them to detecting the slightest movements of prey or predators

Phylum of Arthropoda § Arthropoda are divided into 4 classes 1 - Insects ﺍﻟﺤﺸﺮﺍﺕ 2 - Arachnids ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻴﺎﺕ 3 - Crustaceans. ﺍﻟﻘﺸﺮﻳﺎﺕ 4 - Myriapoda ﺍﻻﺭﺟﻞ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ

Phylum of Arthropoda -Insects : e. g. Locusts -Insects are the only flying invertebrates. -They have 6 legs Locust ﺍﻟﺠﺮﺍﺩ -Arachnids : e. g. Scorpions and Spiders. -Almost they are terrestrial organisms -All arachnids have eight legs. Scorpion ﺍ ﻟﻌﻘﺮﺏ Spiders ﺍﻟ ﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮﺕ

Phylum of Arthropoda -Crustaceans : e. g. Crabs - Almost they are aquatic animals. -Crabs have ten legs, including claws Crab ﺳﺮﻃﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ - Myriapoda : e. g. Millipedes. - They are terrestrial organisms -They have over 750 legs. Millipedes ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺩﺓ ﺍﻻﻟﻔﻴﺔ

Phylum of Mollusca § Mollusca live in marine, freshwater and terrestrial areas. § The body has a head, a foot and a visceral mass. This body covered with a mantle ( )ﻋﺒﺎﺀﺓ that typically secretes the shell. § The anterior cavity of the Mollusca contains a radula ( )ﻃﺎﺣﻨﺔ which is used for feeding. The ventral foot is used in locomotion, clinging to surfaces, burrowing. there are one or more pairs of gills, used for respiration. § Mollusca include: snails ﺍﻟﺤﻠﺰﻭﻥ , octopuses ﺍﻻﺧﻄﺒﻮﻁ , squid ﺍﻟﺤﺒﺎﺭ , clams ﺍﻻﺻﺪﺍﻑ , oysters ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﺭ , and chitons ﺍﻟﻜﻴﺘﻮﻥ. Snail ﺍﻟﺤﻠﺰﻭﻥ

Phylum of Echinodermata § All echinoderms live in marine environments and their body are covered with multi- spiny ( known spiny skinned). § They Have an internal skeleton of calcium carbonate. They possess a water vascular system, connected with a small tube feet which is important for locomotion, feeding, gas exchange, circulation and excretion functions. sea star ﻧﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ § They possess a completed digestive system but They have no heart, brain, nor eyes, but they have sensory receptors. § Sexes are separate and they can reproduce sexually by gametes or asexually by regeneration. § Mollusca include: sea stars ﻧﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ , sea urchin ﻗﻨﻔﺬ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ sea cucumbers ﺧﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ , . sea urchin ﺍﻗﻨﻔﺬ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ

Phylum of Chordata §Chordata include animals lack backbone and others have backbone. §Chordata have the following features: - The notochord ( ) ﺍﻟﺤﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻈﻬﺮﻱ : flexible rod that extends the length of the body and provides attachment for Humming bird ﻃﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﻨﺎﻥ muscles. in most Chordata turns into a spine (backbone). - The nerve cord ( )ﺍﻟﺤﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺒﻲ : a dorsal hollow tube; one end becomes the brain during development - A post-anal tail: extends beyond the body, past the anus Shark ﺳﻤﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺵ

Phylum of Chordata § First : Chordata lack backbone: § live in the seas. §Notochord and nerve cord found along entire length of body, persists throughout life. §They include lancelets ( ) ﺍﻟﺮﻣﺤﻴﺎﺕ , tunicates ( )ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺑﻴﺎﺕ and peteromyzons ( )ﺍﻟﺠﻠﻜﻴﺎﺕ 1 - Amphioxus ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻴﻢ 2 - Ascidia ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻻﺳﻴﺪﻳﺎ 3 - lamprey ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻼﻣﺒﺮﻱ

Phylum of Chordate §Second : Chordata possess backbone § This group is called vertebrates as the embryonic notochord is normally replaced during development by a backbone. § Vertebrates are divided into : 1 - Class cartilaginous fishes e. g. sharks and rays 2 - Class bony fishes salmon and tilapia 3 - Class Amphibians, frog and salamander 4 - Class Reptiles: e. g. lizards, snakes and turtle. 5 - Class Birds: e. g. pigeon and eagle 6 - Class Mammals: e. g. goat and human.