Animal Reproduction Biology Agriculture Reproductive System n Ovaries

Animal Reproduction Biology Agriculture

Reproductive System n Ovaries n n Female reproductive gland in which eggs are formed and hormones are produced. Testes n Male reproductive gland that produces sperm and testosterone.

Reproductive System n Female Reproductive Cell n n EGG (OVULE) Male Reproductive Cell n n SPERM Semen - the fluid that carries sperm

Reproductive System • Production of sperm is called SPERMATOGENESIS • Production of eggs is called OOGENESIS

Reproductive System n Zygote n n Embryo n n Organism in early stages of development. Pregnancy n n Cell formed by the union of egg and sperm at fertilization. carrying a fetus Fertilization n the union of the egg and sperm nuclei

Reproductive System n Conception n n Ovulation n n occurrence of fertilization release of an ovule from the female. Gestation n the time from fertilization or conception of a female until she gives birth

Reproductive System n Vulva -opening of reproductive tract

Reproductive System n Vagina - channel for birth and copulation

Reproductive System n Cervix - divides vagina and uterus

Reproductive System n Uterus - provides nourishment for fetus

Reproductive System n Horns of Uterus - where fetus grows

Reproductive System • Fallopian Tube - where fertilization occurs

Reproductive System n Ovaries - produces eggs and hormones

Reproductive System n Testes - produce sperm and testosterone

Reproductive System n Epididymis - collects and stores sperm

Reproductive System n Vas deferens - transports sperm

Reproductive System n Penis - places sperm in female

Reproductive System n Scrotum - protects testes, maintains temp

Reproductive System n Sheath - opening of reproductive tract

Animal Reproduction n Ovaries – produces eggs and hormones

Animal Reproduction n The ovaries are stimulated by a hormone called the follicle stimulating hormones (FSH) and produce a FOLLICLE where the egg (ovum) grows and matures

Animal Reproduction n When the egg matures the follicle ruptures and releases the egg OVULATION

Animal Reproduction

Mating Process n Around the time of ovulation estrogen causes estrus or heat n n The time that the female will allow the male to mate with her Males seek out females that are in estrus

Mating Process n n During mating millions of sperm are deposited in the female vagina. Sperm moves by using their tails in a whiplike action – motile

Mating Process n n Sperm travels from the vagina through the cervix and uterus and into the fallopian tubes Sperm and egg unit in the fallopian tube

Reproductive Technologies n Any method of reproduction that is different from natural methods

Reproductive Technologies n Embryo Transfer: n The transfer of fertilized egg(s) from a donor female to one or more recipient females

Reproductive Technologies n Embryo Transfer

Reproductive Technologies n Embryo Transfer

Reproductive Technologies n Super Ovulation: n Giving animals a hormone that causes them to produce more then one egg.

Reproductive Technologies n Artificial Insemination n Placing sperm into the female reproductive tract by means other than natural mating.

Reproductive Problems n Sterility: n n Inability of an animal to reproduce Freemartin: n n In twins, when a female is exposed to male testosterone before birth. Causes problems with the development of female reproductive organs

Reproductive Practices n Purebreeding n n n Breeding two pure breed animals together Usually papered to prove genetics Crossbreeding n n One breed is breed to another Ex. Angus x Herford = Black Baldy

Reproductive Practices n Grading-up n Taking grade cows and breeding to purebreds