Animal Behavior anything an animal does in response

Animal Behavior – anything an animal does in response to it’s environment 3 categories of Animal Behavior: INNATE Innate Behavior LEARNED SOCIAL – a behavior performed correctly the first time an animal does it. It does not have to be taught. Also called an instinct. (click on gray box for video) Another Example: A newborn suckling for food

Types of Innate Behavior A. Taxis - The movement of an organism toward or away from a stimulus. 3 categories 1. Chemotaxis response to chemicals 2. Geotaxis – response to gravity 3. Phototaxis - response to light Positive: moving towards Negative: moving away Example of Positive Phototaxis: baby sea turtles going towards moonlight B. Migration – instinctive movements that occur on a seasonal cycle Example: Birds flying south for the winter

Types of Innate Behavior Cont. . . c. Estivation- state of reduced metabolism in conditions of extreme heat Example: Lizards that live in desert d. Hibernation – state of reduced metabolism during the winter Example: Bears hibernating in winter

Another Type of Animal Behavior 2. Learned Behavior– a behavior that must be taught Types of Learned Behavior: a. Habituation b. Imprinting – animal reduces or stops it’s response to a repetitive stimulus. form of learning where an animal forms a social attachment to another object c. Classical Conditioning – learning by association, organism makes a connection between stimulus and some kind of reward or punishment d. Trial and Error – – learning in which an organisms takes a chance on a behavior that results in a reward

What type of learned behavior is this? ? ? Classical Conditioning: Pavlov’s dog

What type of behavior is this? ? ? Imprinting: baby ducks following mother

What type of behavior is this? ? ? Habituation ex. Birds on a scarecrow

What type of behavior is this? ? ? Trial and Error Behavior Birds pecking at only edible objects. Learning to make a basket, by trying to repeat the steps when you do it correctly.

Another Type of Animal Behavior � 3. Social Behavior the interaction between organisms Types of Social Behavior: a. Communication- the passing of information from one organism to another (Visual, sound, touch) Example: bees moving to indicate location of food

Social Behavior Continued…. . �b. Territoriality – something an animal defends against, it could be space, food or mates. Video of lions marking territory and communicating with roars (3 min)

Social Behavior Continued…. . � c. Courtship Behavior- behaviors males and females carry out before mating.