Android Mobile Application Development Introduction to Android Lecture

Android Mobile Application Development Introduction to Android Lecture One Assistant Lecturer Mustafa Ghanem Saeed Computer science Department Collage Of Science Cihan University - Sulaimaniyah

Lecture outlined Ø What is Android? Ø Android versions and its feature set Ø The Android architecture Ø The various Android devices on the market Ø The Android Market application store Ø How to obtain the tools and SDK for developing Android applications Ø Some developer communities/sites 2

What is Android? • Android is an open source and Linux-based Operating System for mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. Android was developed by the Open Handset Alliance, led by Google, and other companies. • Android offers a unified approach to application development for mobile devices which means developers need only develop for Android, and their applications should be able to run on different devices powered by Android. 3

Open Handset Alliance (OHA) included several companies

Why Android ? 5

What is A Features of Android? Feature Description Beautiful UI Android OS basic screen provides a beautiful and intuitive user interface. Connectivity GSM/EDGE, IDEN, CDMA, EV-DO, UMTS, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, LTE, NFC and Wi. MAX. Storage SQLite, a lightweight relational database, is used for data storage purposes. Media support H. 263, H. 264, MPEG-4 SP, AMR-WB, AAC, HEAAC, AAC 5. 1, MP 3, MIDI, Ogg Vorbis, WAV, JPEG, PNG, GIF, and BMP Messaging SMS and MMS Wi-Fi Direct A technology that lets apps discover and pair directly, over a high-bandwidth peer-to-peer connection. Android Beam A popular NFC-based technology that lets users instantly share, just by touching two NFC-enabled phones together. 6

Features of Android Con Web browser Based on the open-source Web. Kit layout engine, coupled with Chrome's V 8 Java. Script engine supporting HTML 5 and CSS 3. Multi-touch Android has native support for multi-touch which was initially made available in handsets such as the HTC Hero. Multi-tasking User can jump from one task to another and same time various application can run simultaneously. Resizable widgets Widgets are resizable, so users can expand them to show more content or shrink them to save space Multi-Language Supports single direction and bi-directional text. GCM Google Cloud Messaging (GCM) is a service that lets developers send short message data to their users on Android devices, without needing a proprietary sync solution. 7

Android Applications • Once developed, Android applications can be packaged easily and sold out either through a store such as Google Play, Slide. ME, Opera Mobile Store, Mobango, Fdroid and the Amazon Appstore. 8

History of Android 9

What is API level? • API Level is an integer value that uniquely identifies the framework API revision offered by a version of the Android platform. The Android platform provides a framework API that applications can use to interact with the underlying Android system. The framework API consists of: A core set of packages and classes. developer. android. com/guide/topics/manifest/uses-sdk-element. html 10

Features of Android Code name Version number Initial release date API level 1. 0 September 23, 2008 1 1. 1 February 9, 2009 2 Cupcake 1. 5 April 27, 2009 3 Donut 1. 6 September 15, 2009 4 Eclair 2. 0– 2. 1 October 26, 2009 5– 7 Froyo 2. 2– 2. 2. 3 May 20, 2010 8 Gingerbread 2. 3– 2. 3. 7 December 6, 2010 9– 10 Honeycomb[a] 3. 0– 3. 2. 6 February 22, 2011 11– 13 Ice Cream Sandwich 4. 0– 4. 0. 4 October 18, 2011 14– 15 Jelly Bean 4. 1– 4. 3. 1 July 9, 2012 16– 18 Kit. Kat 4. 4– 4. 4. 4, 4. 4 W– 4. 4 W. 2 October 31, 2013 19– 20 Lollipop 5. 0– 5. 1. 1 November 12, 2014 21– 22 Marshmallow 6. 0– 6. 0. 1 October 5, 2015 23 N Developer Preview 1 11

Global Android version distribution since December 2009. As of February 2016 ], Android 4. 4 "Kit. Kat" is the single most widely used Android version, operating on 35. 5% of all Android devices accessing Google Play. The second are different Android "Lollipop" versions (5. 0– 5. 1. 1), with a combined share of 34. 1%. [1] By Erikrespo - Android Developer Dashboard 12

List of Android Devices • • • Appliances E-Readers Gaming Devices Google TV Devices GPS Receivers Home Audio Home Phones Media Players Netbooks • • • Phones Photo Frames Platforms Printers Smartbooks Tablets TVs Ultra Mobile PCs Vehicles http: //www. androidtapp. com/list-of-android-devices/ 13

Android Environment Setup • • • Java JDK 5 or later version Android SDK Java Runtime Environment (JRE) 8 Android Studio Eclipse IDE for Java Developers (optional) • Android Development Tools (ADT) Eclipse Plug-in (optional) 14

Set-up Java Development Kit (JDK) • You can download the latest version of Java JDK from Oracle's Java site. http: //www. oracle. com/technetwork/javase/downloads/jdk 8 -downloads-2133151. html 15

Set-up Java Development Kit (JDK) • . http: //docs. oracle. com/javase/7/docs/ 16

Android Studio and Android SDK http: //developer. android. com/sdk/index. html 17

Features of Android Studio • Intelligent code editor • At the core of Android Studio is an intelligent code editor capable of advanced code completion, refactoring, and code analysis. • The powerful code editor helps you be a more productive Android app developer. 18

Features of Android Studio Con. • Code templates and Git. Hub integration • New project wizards make it easier than ever to start a new project. • Start projects using template code for patterns such as navigation drawer and view pagers, and even import Google code samples from Git. Hub. 19

Features of Android Studio Con. • Multi-screen app development • Build apps for Android phones, tablets, Android Wear, Android TV, Android Auto and Google Glass. • With the new Android Project View and module support in Android Studio, it's easier to manage app projects and resources. 20

Features of Android Studio Con. • Virtual devices for all shapes and sizes • Android Studio comes pre-configured with an optimized emulator image. • The updated and streamlined Virtual Device Manager provides pre-defined device profiles for common Android devices. 21

Features of Android Studio Con. • Android builds evolved, with Gradle • Create multiple APKs for your Android app with different features using the same project. • Manage app dependencies with Maven. • Build APKs from Android Studio or the command line. 22

The Android Developer Community q Here are some developer communities/sites that you can turn to for help if you run into problems while working with Android: Ø Stack Overflow (www. stackoverflow. com) — Stack Overflow is a collaboratively edited question and answer site for developers. If you have a question about Android, chances are someone at Stack Overflow is probably already discussing the same question and someone else had already provided the answer. Best of all, other developers can vote for the best answer so that you can know which are the answers that are trustworthy. Ø Google Android Training (http: //developer. android. com/training/index. html) — Google has launched the Android Training site that contains a number of useful classes grouped by topics. At the time of writing, the classes mostly contain useful code snippets that are very useful to Android developers once they have started with the basics. Once you have learned the basics in this book, I strongly suggest you take a look at the classes. Ø Android Discuss (http: //groups. google. com/group/android-discuss) — Android Discuss is a discussion group hosted by Google using the Google Groups service. Here, you will be able to discuss the various aspects of Android programming. This group is monitored closely by the Android team at Google, and so this is good place to clarify your doubts and learn new tips and tricks. 23

Questions? Discussion? 24 Slide