Ancient Near East Part 2 Akkad Persia MESOPOTAMIA

Ancient Near East Part 2 Akkad - Persia

MESOPOTAMIA: SUMMARY PERIOD OUTLINE ANCIENT NEAR EAST EMPIRES • Sumer 3000 -2334 BCE • Akkad 2340 -2193 BCE

Akkad 2340 -2193 BCE

NEO- SUMERIAN REVIVAL • The rule of the Akkadian kings ends when a mountain people, the Guti, gained control of the Mesopotamian Plain in about 2230 BCE • The cities of Sumer rise up in retaliation and drive them out in 2112 BCE, under the leadership of King Urnammu of Ur who unites a realm that lasts 100 years. • As part of his renewal project, he returns to building on a magnificent scale.

Great Ziggurat at Ur, c. 2100— 2050 BCE dedicated to the moon god, Nanna ( Sin in Akkadian) (present-day Muqaiyir, Iraq)

Meanwhile, in Lagash, another Sumerian citystate that held on to independence after the collapse of Akkad, Gudea became the ruler. Title: Votive Statue of Gudea Medium: Diorite Size: height 29" (73. 7 cm) Date: c. 2090 BCE

• • ANCIENT NEAR EAST EMPIRES Sumer 3000 -2334 BCE Akkadian 2340 -2193 BCE Neo-Sumerian 2125 -2004 BCE Old Babylonian 2025 -1594 BCE • Hammurabi, 1792 -1750

• • • ANCIENT NEAR EAST EMPIRES Sumer 3000 -2334 BCE Akkad 2340 -2193 BCE Neo-Sumerian 2125 -2004 BCE Old Babylonian 2025 -1594 BCE Old Assyrian 1600 -1100 BCE Hittite 1600 -1200 BCE

MESOPOTAMIA: SUMMARY PERIOD OUTLINE ANCIENT NEAR EAST EMPIRES • Sumer • Akkadian • Neo-Sumerian • Old Babylonian • Old Assyrian • Hittite • Neo-Assyrian/ Babylonian • Persia 3000 -2334 BCE 2340 -2193 BCE 2125 -2004 BCE 2025 -1594 BCE 1600 -1100 BCE 1600 -1200 BCE 1000 -539 BCE 559 -334 BCE

ANCIENT NEAR EAST EMPIRES • Sumer 3000 -2334 BCE • Akkadian 2340 -2193 BCE • Neo-Sumerian 2125 -2004 BCE • Old Babylonian 2025 -1594 BCE • Old Assyrian 1600 -1100 BCE • Hittite 1600 -1200 BCE • Neo-Assyrian/ 1000 -539 BCE Babylonian

Assyria, c. 1600 -1100 BCE

Pair of Lamassu figures flanking a gateway (restored), from the Palace of Sargon II at Khorsabad (Dur. Sharrukin), c. 883 -859 BCE

ANCIENT NEAR EAST EMPIRES • Sumer 3000 -2334 BCE • Akkadian 2340 -2193 BCE • Neo-Sumerian 2125 -2004 BCE • Old Babylonian 2025 -1594 BCE • Old Assyrian 1600 -1100 BCE • Hittite 1600 -1200 BCE • Neo-Assyrian/ 1000 -539 BCE Babylonian (Nebuchadnezzar II)

ANCIENT NEAR EAST EMPIRES • Sumer 3000 -2334 BCE • Akkadian 2340 -2193 BCE • Neo-Sumerian 2125 -2004 BCE • Old Babylonian 2025 -1594 BCE • Old Assyrian 1600 -1100 BCE • Hittite 1600 -1200 BCE • Neo-Assyrian/ 1000 -539 BCE Babylonian • Persia 559 -334 BCE

Darius and Xerxes Receiving Tribute Detail of a relief from the stairway leading to the Apadana (ceremonial complex), Persepolis, Iran

Daric Medium: Gold Size: Diameter approximately 1/2“ Date: 4 th century BCE A coin first minted under Darius I of Persia

First minted under Croesus, king of Lydia, c. 560 -546 BCE