Ancient Greek and Roman art Kouros 600 BC

Ancient Greek and Roman art

Kouros; 600 BC

Diadoumenos; 430 e. Kr

Heracles; 470 e. Kr

Geometric Heracles; 620 e. Kr

Red Figure-style; 330 BC

Neired Statue; 380 BC

Parthenon ; 447 -438

Erekhteion

Theatre

Rome; Marcellus

Hadrianus

Julius Caesar

Roman coins

An Arch n A structure with a curved, pointed, or squared upper edge to an opening, and supporting the weight above it. It is usually a masonry construction, used as a doorway, window, or a portal, although freestanding monumental arches have been built simply for symbolic purposes.

Arch of Titus

Colosseum

Colosseum

Colosseum. Semi-circular arch

Pont du Gard: Aqueduct

Laocoon and his Sons n Roman copy of a Hellenistic original

Pompeij; the road

Roman Baths

A Roman Church

Roman style

Gothic style; Notre Dame; 1211

Virgin and a child

A Knight

A Book from the MIddle Ages

Renaissance; Jan van Eyck

Arnolf; details

Quentin Matsys; A Money-changer and his wife

Matsys: Lamentation

Italian Renaissance--- Donatello: David

CAUSES for the rise of trade: Middle ages n The growth of population; more food needed! n Development of agriculture; more economic activity n Rebirth of the Mediterranean towns; Crusades– cities became trading centres (Amalfi, Siena, Venice, Pisa) n Establishment of new towns/ industrial centres ( Ghent, Bruges, Ypres, Lucca)

RISE OF TOWNS n German trading centres ( Hamburg, Lubeck, Danzig, Riga) n Towns of northern and central Italy; neither commercial nor financial centres - autonomy ; being independent from the rule of landlords etc. . - became powerful, seized more land!

New trade routes n The needs of trade; the growth in the means of transportation § More ships began to ply the Mediterranean § Several trade routes ( ROADS!) linking the northern to southern Europe ( Champagne fairs, traders from all over Europe) § River transport, a large number of towns built on the banks of rivers § In 1300 a direct sea route via Mediterranean, the Straits of Gibraltar and the Atlantic coast linking the towns of Italy with the North sea ( safe and cheap) § TRADE BY LAND WAS LOOSING ITS SUPREMACY!

Means of Transport n P. 160 n Map p. 161 n Development of banking system; why and how? The Effects? n Define the Hanseatic League.