Ancient Greece The Minoans Mycenaean 2000 1200 BCE

Ancient Greece

The Minoans

Mycenaean 2000 -1200 BCE

Greek Settlements • Greek traders in search of iron • Farmers in search of land • Brought Greek culture, language, and building styles to the new lands

Dorians 1100 -700’s BCE

Polis Hellenic Period Agora 700’s-336 BCE

Persian Wars Battle of Marathon Battle of Salamis Xerxes Themistocles King Leonidas Herodotus

Athens’ Road to Democracy • City-states • Active participation • Women, slaves, foreigners were excluded from participation • Sparta had a militaristic aristocracy Ostracon

Golden Age of Athens

SPARTA

Peloponnesian War 431 -404 BCE Delian League Thucydides

Greek Golden Age Order, Balance, Proportion Myron’s Discus Thrower

Science Thales Pythagoras Hippocrates

Philosophy • Sophists— “man is the measure of all things” • Socrates—absolute truth – Examine your beliefs – Socratic Method • Plato—Republic – his vision of a perfectly governed society • Aristotle—Logic – Method for arguing according to rules of logic – Alexander the Great’s teacher

Festival of Dionysus Comedies • Mocked people and ideas • Aristophanes Tragedies • Aeshchylus • Sophocles-Oedipus Rex • Euripedes-Medea Drama and Theater

Trade in the eastern part of the Mediterranean

Phoenicians

• Phoenicians – Colonies – Alphabet – Purple Dye

Carthage: Phoenicia’s Mightiest Colony

Muryx Shell and Purple Dye

Byblos—Home of the Alphabet

Lydians

Persia and Hellenistic Period

The persian empire ACHAEMENID EMPIRE 550 -530 BCE—CYRUS THE GREAT

Cyrus the Great § A tolerant ruler he allowed different cultures within his empire to keep their own institutions. §In 537, he allowed over 40, 000 Jews to return to Palestine. 558 -530 BCE

Darius the Great 521 -486 BCE § Built Persepolis. § Extended the Persian Empire to the Indus River § Built a canal in Egypt. § Established a tax-collecting system. § Divided the empire into districts called SATRAPIES. § Built the great Royal Road system. §Established a complex postal system. § Created a network of spies called “the King’s eyes and ears. ”