Ancient Greece Ancient Greece Intro 1 Roster 2

Ancient Greece • Intro – 1. Roster – 2. Introduction – 3. Syllabus (online/onscreen)

Beginnings • • • History of civilization: how to date? Definition of “text” Hunter/gatherer

Beginnings • Various ages: paleolithic, neolithic, bronze, iron • The marks of civilization: cities,

Ancient Greece • Evidence for the study of history – Material evidence – Written

Ancient Greece • Evidence for the study of history – Material evidence • Metal

Ancient Greece • Sources for the study of Ancient Greece – 3000 bc-700 bc

Ancient Greece • Sources for the study of Ancient Greece – 480 bc-323 bc

Ancient Greece • Greece: the Land. – Hellas – Crete – Anatolia – The

Ancient Greece • Greece: the Land. – Mountains vs. arable land – Travel &

Ancient Greece • Greece: the Land. – Mostly farmers, some herders – Decent living

Ancient Greece • Greece: the Land. – Diet staples – Animal domestication – Always

Ancient Greece • Greece: the Land. – Devotion to one’s own agr. plain –

Ancient Greece • Greece: the Land. “The primary disunifying force throughout Greek history was

Ancient Greece Franchthi • • • General Dating: Now we can start talking about

Ancient Greece Franchthi • • Earliest Evidence of human habitation in Greece: -Petralona Cave

Ancient Greece Sesklo • • • • I. Features of Neolithic Period in Greece:

Ancient Greece Sesklo • • III. The Farming Economy -Wheat, barley, lentils, peas and

Slides: 30

Download presentation

Ancient Greece

Ancient Greece • Intro – 1. Roster – 2. Introduction – 3. Syllabus (online/onscreen) – 4. Schedule (online/onscreen) – 5. questions; break? – 6. Greece introduction – 7. Geography – 8. Slides: Franchthi etc.

Beginnings • • • History of civilization: how to date? Definition of “text” Hunter/gatherer vs. producer/settler Definition of “culture” Definition of “civilization”

Beginnings • Various ages: paleolithic, neolithic, bronze, iron • The marks of civilization: cities, metals, and WRITING

Ancient Greece • Evidence for the study of history – Material evidence – Written evidence

Ancient Greece • Evidence for the study of history – Material evidence • Metal artifacts • Terra cotta artifacts – Written evidence

Ancient Greece • Evidence for the study of history – Material evidence • Metal artifacts • Terra cotta artifacts – Written evidence • Media: clay, stone, metal, papyrus, parchment • Language

Ancient Greece • Sources for the study of Ancient Greece – 3000 bc-700 bc • Some Linear B tablets (Late Bronze Age) • Dark Age silence • Oral tradition (cyclic epic) = Homeric literature – 700 bc-480 bc • Homer & Hesiod • Archaic poets • Later writers looking backwards (e. g. classical historiographers, and Xenophon and Plutarch on Sparta)

Ancient Greece • Sources for the study of Ancient Greece – 480 bc-323 bc • • Historiographers Drama Philosophy Oratory – 323 bc-31 bc • Limited historiography • Public record • Literary scholars and academic interest

Ancient Greece • Greece: the Land.

Ancient Greece • Greece: the Land. – Hellas – Crete – Anatolia – The Aegean – The size of Alabama

Ancient Greece • Greece: the Land. – Mountains vs. arable land – Travel & trade – Climate, soil, & rainfall

Ancient Greece • Greece: the Land. – Mostly farmers, some herders – Decent living – The pantheon reflects reality

Ancient Greece • Greece: the Land. – Diet staples – Animal domestication – Always a land of small-scale farmers

Ancient Greece • Greece: the Land. – Devotion to one’s own agr. plain – “Ancestral Earth”

Ancient Greece • Greece: the Land. “The primary disunifying force throughout Greek history was the perpetual tension between those citizens who had much land those who had little or none. ” (Pomeroy, et al. , A brief history of Ancient Greece (2009), 13)

Ancient Greece Franchthi • • • General Dating: Now we can start talking about HISTORY Neolithic Period: Early Neolithic: ca. 6, 000 – ca. 5, 000 b. c. Middle Neolithic: ca. 5, 000 – ca. 4, 500 b. c. Late Neolithic: ca. 4, 500 – ca. 4, 000 b. c. Final Neolithic: ca. 4, 000 – ca. 3, 000 b. c. Bronze Age: ca. 3, 000 – ca. 1, 150 b. c.

Ancient Greece Franchthi • • Earliest Evidence of human habitation in Greece: -Petralona Cave -Middle Paleolithic finds in Thessaly hunter-gatherers typical of the Paleolithic period Franchthi Cave -located in the NE Peloponnese near the Argolid Gulf -finds date ca. 20, 000 – 3, 000 b. c. -provides critical evidence for transition from hunting and gathering to settled farming (the “Neolithic Revolution”).

Ancient Greece Franchthi

Ancient Greece Sesklo • • • • I. Features of Neolithic Period in Greece: -Appearance of settled communities -Domestication of animals and crops -Permanent buildings -Presence of obsidian at Neolithic site at Knossos and at sites in Thessaly and elsewhere indicate a “network of sea-borne contacts. ” (O. Dickinson, The Aegean Bronze Age. ) II. Features of Neolithic sites -most sites were in open positions -only identifiable permanent site is the farming village -permanence indicated by building materials and plan of buildings

Ancient Greece Sesklo • • III. The Farming Economy -Wheat, barley, lentils, peas and vetch were grown. -Livestock included sheep and goats, sometimes cattle and pigs. IV. Neolithic Sites in Thessaly in Northern Greece -Most intensive development of transition to a more settled way of life occurred in Thessaly and western Macedonia. • -‘Type’ Sites of Sesklo and Dimini are most important examples • -‘type site’ – a typical representative of a group of culturally similar sites

Ancient Greece Sesklo