Ancient Egypt World Studies Geography Relative Location Northeast

Ancient Egypt World Studies

Geography • Relative Location • Northeast Africa • Along the Nile River • South of the Mediterranean Sea and east of the Red Sea

Geography • Movement • The Nile flows north from its source in Lake Victoria to its mouth in the Mediterranean Sea which forms a delta. – (This is tricky!) River flow • Upper and Lower Egypt

Advanced Cities • Memphis – capital of United Egypt • Thebes – center of artifacts – Temple of Luxor – Valley of Kings – Temple of Ramses • Giza – Sphinx & Great Pyraminds

Specialized Workers Masons Slaves

Complex Institutions • • • Pharaoh Dynasty Theocracy polytheism Egyptian gods – Amun-Ra – Osiris • pyramids • mummification

Record Keeping & Writing • • Pictogram Hieroglyphics Papyrus Rosetta Stone

Advanced Technology • • Pyramid Calendar Forensics Water clock Sun dial Bronze work medicine

Old Kingdom • • Upper and Lower Egypt united in 3200 BC Pharaoh- King of Egypt- seen as a God Pyramids- tombs for Pharaoh Mummification- embalming corpse to prevent decay • Nile river floods and deposits a rich layer of silt • During flood farmers worked on pyramids and other projects

Anubis- God of embalming and the Dead

Old Kingdom • Old Kingdom- 2660 -2180 BC • Sun rises on East side of River where cities are. Life. Sets on West side where tombs are- Death • Egyptians Polytheistic- worship many Gods • How did the Egyptian view of the afterlife compare to that of the Sumerians? • Compare/contrast the writing and document storage systems of Egypt and Sumer.

Ra- God of Sun

Nut- Goddess of Sky

Amun-King of Gods

Delivering a Baby

Medical Instruments

Fractured forearm with splint

Great Pyramids at Giza

Great Sphinx

Middle Kingdom • Old Kingdom ends 2180 BC • Middle Kingdom: -dug a canal from Nile to Red Sea -Built dykes on Nile to trap water -Drained swamps in lower Egypt to create farmland -Traded with Mesopotamia and Indus Valley • Hyksos conquer Egypt and invite Jews

New Kingdom • Hyksos defeated, New Kingdom begins, Jews enslaved • Kush conquers Egypt 750 BC- from Ethiopia • Egyptian rule ends with Greek conquest 300 s BC

Irrigation of a palm orchard by a shaduf

Irrigating and harvesting in a vegetable garden.

Bronze Medical Needle

Circular Medical Cautery

Hieroglyphic Alphabet

The Rosetta Stone

The Rosetta Stone

Numbers