Ancient Egypt River Valley Civilization v Objective Discuss

Ancient Egypt (River Valley Civilization) v Objective: Discuss how the Nile River helped shape Ancient Egypt? v Warm-Up Question: What do you recall about Ancient Egypt? v Agenda: Map Activity: Continue (20 minutes) PPT/Notes: Ancient Egypt DBQ Activity: Ancient Egypt v Homework: Goal Sheet: Unit 1 & 2, due Thursday TEST: Unit 1 & 2 Thursday

Unit 1: River Valley Civz Ancient Egypt

River Valley Civilizations: 1. ) Why do you think that settlement along or near rivers created the first civilizations? 2. ) How did being located near a waterway promote trade?

Geography Egypt: The Gift of the Nile River Transportation along the river Natural Barriers (desert) helped to reduce warfare

Satellite Image of the Nile

Herodotus (Greek Historian) “ Egypt is wholly the gift of the Nile” v What is meant by this quote?

History: Egypt Unites into a Kingdom ● Egypt was separated into two kingdoms ● A king named Narmer united Upper and Lower Egypt into one empire in 3000 BC ● Narmer Palette depicts with hieroglyphics how Narmer unified Egypt ● Narmer is sometimes called the Scorpion King ● Narmer created the first Egyptian dynasty ● Ancient Egypt would see 31 dynasties spanning 2, 600 years

Not that one!

Pyramids of the Old Kingdom (Religion) ● Old Kingdom or “Age of Pyramids” ● 2660 -2180 B. C. when many patterns for Egyptian Civilization were established ● Most of the pyramids were built in this time period ● Pyramid: immense stone structure often built as tombs The “Step” Pyramid built by Djoser

More Pyramids

Religion Egyptian Culture a. Pharaohs: Egyptian pharaohs ruled absolutely b. The pharaohs stood at the center of Egyptian culture, government, and religion c. This type of government in which rule is based on religious authority is a theocracy d. Polytheistic: belief in many gods e. Re (sun god), Osiris (god of the dead), Goddess Isis (represented ideal mother and wife) f. Believed in afterlife and built burial chambers and tombs g. Mummification: embalming and drying of corpses to prevent decay

Mummification First, they draw out the brains through the nostrils with an iron hook. . Then with a sharp stone they make an incision in the side, and take out all the bowels. . Then, having filled the belly with pure myrrh, cassia, and other perfumes, they sew it up again; and when they have done this they steep it in natron [a mineral salt], leaving it under for 70 days. . At the end of 70 days, they wash the corpse, and wrap the whole body in bandages of waxen cloth. n. HERODOTUS, The History of Herodotus

How were religion, government, and the arts related in Egypt?

Social Structure

Writing: Egyptian Hieroglyphics: meaning “sacred carvings” started out as pictographs then transformed into sounds First were written on stone then on papyrus an Egyptian form of paper The Rosetta Stone: found by the delta town of Rosetta in 1799 helped to break the code

Egyptian Life & Culture Math/Science: system of mathematics to collect taxes (based on the number 10); used calculations and measurements to build pyramids; helped track flooding; developed calendar (365 days divided into 12 months) Medicine: relied on practical knowledge (along with charms/chants) that allowed them to set broken bones, treat wounds, performed simple surgeries

Annotation Strategies v Read: How did the Nile shape Ancient Egypt? v Use annotation strategies; #2. Key content vocabulary. Put a rectangle around key content vocabulary. Key content vocabulary is essential to understanding the content of the reading. Often these words may be bolded or italicized, but not always. #4. Main ideas and important facts. Use a double underline for main ideas (claims) or important facts. The main idea is the most important concept from a particular section of the text. It may be a single you what the rest of the sentence is about. The main ideas often relate to headings and subheadings that have been circled.

Step 1: Read Background Essay and annotate. Step 2: Answer the questions to each of the documents (Documents A-E) Step 3: On a loose leaf piece of paper answer the question; How Did the Nile Shape Ancient Egypt? Your response must be at least a paragraph in length and you must use information from, at least, two of the documents to support your answer. Step 4: Turn in on Monday 9/5

Questions to Background Essay: 1. ) 2. ) 3. ) 4. ) 5. ) Name four important river civilizations of the ancient world. List two or three pairs of contrasts that describe ancient Egypt. What are two of the sources of the Nile? How did the flooding cycle provide a seasonal rhythm for the Egyptian people? Why was sand a health threat for Egyptians?

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